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Genesis Chapter
Thirty-six
Genesis 36
Outlines
New King James Version
(NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO
GENESIS 36
This chapter gives us a
genealogical account of Esau's family
of his wives and sons
with whom he
removed from Seir
Genesis 36:1; of
his sons' sons
or grandsons
who were dukes in the land of Edom
Genesis 36:11;
after which is inserted a genealogy of Seir the Horite
into whose family Esau
married
and of his children
and the dukes among them
Genesis 36:20; then
follows a list of the kings of Edom
before there were any in Israel
Genesis 36:31; and
the chapter is closed with a brief narration of the dukes of Esau
according to
their families
Genesis 36:40.
Genesis 36:1. Now
this is the genealogy of Esau
who is Edom.
YLT 1And these [are] births of
Esau
who [is] Edom.
Now these are
the generations of Esau
who is Edom.
Who was surnamed Edom
from the red pottage he sold his birthright for to his brother Jacob
Genesis 25:30; an
account is given of him
and his posterity
not only because he was a son of
Isaac
lately made mention of as concerned in his burial; but because his
posterity would be often taken notice of in the sacred Scriptures
and so their
genealogy would serve to illustrate such passages; and MaimonidesF13Moreh
Nevochim
par. 3. c. 50. p. 510. thinks the principal reason is
that whereas
Amalek
a branch of Esau's family
were to be destroyed by an express command
of God
it was necessary that all the rest should be particularly described
lest they should all perish together; but other ends are answered hereby
as
partly to show the fulfilment of the promise to Abraham
concerning the
multiplication of his seed
and the accomplishment of the oracle to Rebekah
signifying that two nations were in her womb
one of which were those Edomites;
as also to observe how the blessing of Isaac his father came upon him with
effect
Genesis 22:17.
Genesis 36:2. 2 Esau
took his wives from the daughters of Canaan: Adah the daughter of Elon the
Hittite; Aholibamah the daughter of Anah
the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite;
YLT 2Esau hath taken his wives
from the daughters of Canaan: Adah daughter of Elon the Hittite
and Aholibamah
daughter of Anah
daughter of Zibeon the Hivite
And Esau took
his wives of the daughters of Canaan
....
Of the Canaanites
the
posterity of cursed Canaan
most of them were of them
though not all
the two
following were
and so those
if different from them in Genesis 26:34
one
of his wives was of the family of Ishmael
as after related:
Adah the
daughter of Elon the Hittite;
according to Jarchi and
Aben Ezra
this is the same with Bashemath
Genesis 26:34; and
that she had two names:
and Aholibamah
the daughter of Anah
the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite;
the daughter of the one
and the granddaughter of the other
it being usual in Scripture to call
grandchildren children
for Zibeon and Anah were father and son
Genesis 36:24; and
the Samaritan
Septuagint
and Syriac versions read here
"the daughter of
Anah the son of Zibeon": there are an Anah and a Zibeon who were brethren
Genesis 36:20;
wherefore Aben Ezra supposes that these two brothers
or the father and son
lay with the same woman
and it could not be known whose child it was that was
born of her
and therefore this was called the daughter of them both. Jarchi
supposes this wife of Esau to be the same with Judith
Genesis 26:34; but
not only the names differ
but also the names of their fathers
and of the
tribe or nation they were of.
Genesis 36:3. 3 and
Basemath
Ishmael’s daughter
sister of Nebajoth.
YLT 3and Bashemath daughter of
Ishmael
sister of Nebajoth.
And Bashemath
Ishmael's daughter
sister of Nebaioth
....
The eldest son of Ishmael
see Genesis 28:9;
called there Mahalath.
Genesis 36:4. 4 Now
Adah bore Eliphaz to Esau
and Basemath bore Reuel.
YLT 4And Adah beareth to Esau
Eliphaz; and Bashemath hath born Reuel;
And Adah bare
to Esau Eliphaz
....
This son of Esau
according to JeromF14Trad. Heb. in Gen. fol. 71. L. tom. 3.
is the
same with him mentioned in the book of Job
as one of his friends that came to
visit him
Job 2:11; and so
says the Targum of Jonathan on Genesis 36:10; but
he rather was the grandson of this man
since he is called the Temanite:
and Bashemath
bare Reuel;
the name is the same with
Reuel or Raguel
the name of Jethro; but cannot be the same person as is said
by some
for he was a Midianite and not an Edomite
Exodus 2:18.
Genesis 36:5. 5 And
Aholibamah bore Jeush
Jaalam
and Korah. These were the sons of Esau
who were born to him in the land of Canaan.
YLT 5and Aholibamah hath born
Jeush
and Jaalam
and Korah. These [are] sons of Esau
who were born to him in
the land of Canaan.
And Aholibamah
bare Jeush
and Jaalam
and Korah
....
In this genealogy mention
is made of another Korah among the sons of Eliphaz
Genesis 36:16;
which Jarchi thinks is the same with this
and takes him to be a bastard
and
begotten in incest by Eliphaz
on his father's wife Aholibamah; but Aben Ezra
observes
that some are of opinion that there were two Korahs
one the son of
Aholibamah
and the other the son of Adah; but he thinks there were but one
which was the son of Aholibamah
and is reckoned among the sons of Eliphaz
because he dwelt among them; or perhaps his mother died when he was little
and
Adah brought him up with her sons
and so was reckoned her son; such were the
children of Michal
Saul's daughter:
these are
the sons of Esau
which were born to him in the land of Canaan;
and we do not read of any
born to him elsewhere; so that of all his wives
which some think were four
others five
he had but five sons; what daughters he had is not related
though
from Genesis 36:6
it
appears he had some.
Genesis 36:6. 6 Then
Esau took his wives
his sons
his daughters
and all the persons of his
household
his cattle and all his animals
and all his goods which he had
gained in the land of Canaan
and went to a country away from the presence of
his brother Jacob.
YLT 6And Esau taketh his wives
and his sons
and his daughters
and all the persons of his house
and his cattle
and all his beasts
and all his substance which he hath acquired in the land of
Canaan
and goeth into the country from the face of Jacob his brother;
And Esau took
his wives
and his sons
and his daughters
....
The names of his wives and
sons are before given; but what were the names of his daughters
or their
number
is not said:
and all the
persons of his house:
his menservants and
maidservants that were born in his house
or bought with his money; the word
for "persons" signifies "souls"F15נפשות "animus"
Pagninus
Montanus
&c.
and
is sometimes used for slaves that are bought and sold
see Ezekiel 27:13
and his cattle
and all his beasts;
his sheep and oxen
camels
and asses:
and all his
substance which he had got in the land of Canaan:
before he went to Seir the
first time
part of which he might leave behind in Canaan
with servants to
improve it; and also that part of his father's personal estate which fell to
him at his death
as well as what he might further acquire after his death
during his stay in Canaan:
and went into
the country from the face of his brother Jacob;
not into another part of
the same country; but into another country
as the Targums of Onkelos and
Jonathan supply it
and so the Arabic version
even unto Seir
as appears by
what follows; and whither he had been before
and had obtained large
possessions
and now having got all he could at his father's death
and collecting
together all his other substance
thought fit to retire from thence to Seir
which he liked better
and for a reason afterwards given; God thus disposing
his mind
and making the circumstances of things necessary
that he should
remove in order to make way for Jacob
and his posterity
to dwell in a land
which was designed for them: and so the Samaritan and Septuagint versions read
it
"and he went out of the land of Canaan": and the Syriac version
is
"and he went to the land of Seir". Some render the words to this
sense
that he went thither "before the coming of Jacob"F16מפני יעקב "ante
adventum"
Jahakobi
Junius & Tremellius. ; and it is true that he did
go thither before his brother came again into Canaan; but of this the text
speaks not
for what follows will not agree with it; others better
"because of Jacob"F17"Propter Jacobum"
Piscarat. ; not for fear of him
as the Targum of Jonathan
which paraphrases
the words
"for the terror of his brother Jacob was cast upon him;'but
because he knew
by the blessing of his father
and the oracle of God
and his
concurring providence in all things
that the land of Canaan belonged to him
and also for a reason that follows.
Genesis 36:7. 7 For
their possessions were too great for them to dwell together
and the land where
they were strangers could not support them because of their livestock.
YLT 7for their substance was
more abundant than to dwell together
and the land of their sojournings was not
able to bear them because of their cattle;
For their
riches were more than that they might dwell together
....
And therefore it was
proper to part
as Abraham and Lot had done before
Genesis 13:6
and the land
wherein they were strangers could not bear them
because of their cattle;
their cattle were so
numerous that they could not get pasturage for them
there not being enough
left them by the inhabitants of it for them to occupy; nor could they hire land
of them sufficient for them both; they being not possessors but sojourners in
it
and therefore could have no more of it than the inhabitants thought fit to
let unto them.
Genesis 36:8. 8 So
Esau dwelt in Mount Seir. Esau is Edom.
YLT 8and Esau dwelleth in mount
Seir: Esau is Edom.
Thus dwelt Esau
in Mount Seir
....
Before he is said to be in
the land of Seir
Genesis 32:3; now
to dwell in a mount of that name; from which driving the Horites
he seized
upon and dwelt in it; it had not its name from his own rough
shaggy hair
as
Josephus saysF18Antiqu. l. 1. c. 20. sect. 3.
much less from the
satyrs
and hairy demons that frequented it
as R. Abraham SebaF19Tzeror
Hammor
fol. 47. 1.
but rather from Seir the Horite who inhabited the land
Genesis 36:20;
unless he had his name from the mountain which might be so called
from its
being rough and rugged like shaggy hair
and being covered with bushes and
brambles which carried such a resemblance; and so it stands opposed to Mount
Halak near it
Joshua 11:17
which
signifies the bald or smooth mountain
being destitute of shrubs
&c. The
Targum of Jonathan calls this mountain Mount Gabla
and one part of the land of
Edom
or Idumea
was called Gobolites
as JosephusF20Antiqu. l. 2.
c. 1. sect. 2. relates
perhaps the same with Gebal
Psalm 83:7; hither
Esau went and took up his residence
after things were amicably adjusted
between him and his brother Jacob; the Jews sayF21Pirke Eliezer
c.
38. fol. 43. 1.
that Isaac left
all he had to his two sons
and that after
they had buried him
Esau said to Jacob
let us divide what our father has left
us into two parts
and I will choose because I am the firstborn; so Jacob
divided it into two parts; all that his father had left he made one part
and
the land of Israel the other part
and Esau took what his father left
see Genesis 36:6; and
the land of Israel and the cave of Machpelah he delivered to Jacob
and they
drew up everlasting writings between them. Now this or something like it being
the case
and those the circumstances of fixings
thus
and by that means
so
it came to pass
that Esau dwelt in Seir; and Jacob remained secure and quiet
in the land of Canaan:
Esau is
Edom
so called from the red
pottage he had of Jacob
which is repeated to fix the odium of that transaction
upon him
as well as for the sake of what follows
showing the reason why his
posterity were called Edomites.
Genesis 36:9. 9 And
this is the genealogy of Esau the father of the Edomites in Mount Seir.
YLT 9And these [are] births of
Esau
father of Edom
in mount Seir.
And these are
the generations of Esau
....
Or the posterity of Esau
his children and grandchildren
as before and hereafter related:
the father of
the Edomites in Mount Seir;
from whom they of that
mountain and in the adjacent country had the name of Edomites or Idumeans.
Genesis 36:10. 10 These
were the names of Esau’s sons: Eliphaz the son of Adah the wife of Esau
and Reuel the son of Basemath the wife of Esau.
YLT 10These [are] the names of the
sons of Esau: Eliphaz son of Adah
wife of Esau; Reuel son of Bashemath
wife
of Esau.
These are the
names of Esau's sons
....
In this and some following
verses
an account is given of the sons of Esau
which agrees with what is
before observed
and of his sons' sons:
Eliphaz the son
of Adah the wife of Esau:
who seems to be his first
wife
and this his first son:
Reuel the son
of Bashemath and wife of Esau;
his second son by another
wife
a daughter of Ishmael
Genesis 36:3.
Genesis 36:11. 11 And the sons of Eliphaz
were Teman
Omar
Zepho
[a] Gatam
and
Kenaz.
YLT 11And the sons of Eliphaz are
Teman
Omar
Zepho
and Gatam
and Kenaz;
And the sons of
Eliphaz were Teman
....
This was his firstborn
and from him the city of Teman in Edom or Idumea had its name
see Jeremiah 49:7; and
Eliphaz is called the Temanite from hence
Job 2:11; four more
sons are mentioned:
Omar
Zepho
and Gatam
and Kenaz;
but I do not find that any
towns or cities
or any part of the land of Edom
were denominated from any of
them; only it may be observed that Zepho is called Zephi in 1 Chronicles 1:36;
the account seems fabulous and not to be depended on
which Josephus Ben GorionF23Hist.
Heb. l. 1. c. 2. vid. Chizzuk Emunab
par. l. c. 6. p. 66. & Nachman apud
Buxtorf. Lex. Talmud. col. 31
32. gives of him
of opposing the burial of
Jacob
being taken by Joseph and carried into Egypt
and at his death fleeing
to Carthage
and from thence to the Romans
and was king of themF24Vid.
Huls. Theolog. Jud. par. 1. p. 132
&c. .
Genesis 36:12. 12 Now
Timna was the concubine of Eliphaz
Esau’s son
and she bore Amalek to Eliphaz.
These were the sons of Adah
Esau’s wife.
YLT 12and Timnath hath been
concubine to Eliphaz son of Esau
and she beareth to Eliphaz
Amalek; these
[are] sons of Adah wife of Esau.
And Timna was
concubine to Eliphaz
Esau's son
....
She is said to be the
sister of Lotan
the eldest son of Seir the Horite
Genesis 36:22; in 1 Chronicles 1:36
mention is made of Timna among the sons of Eliphaz
and of Duke Timnah here
Genesis 36:40; and
GerundinsisF25Apud Menasseh ben Israel
conciliator in Gen. Quaest.
57. p. 81. is of opinion
that Timnah the concubine of Eliphaz
after she had
bore Amalek
conceived and bore another son
and she dying in childbirth
he
called it by her name to perpetuate her memory: but Jarchi says
that Eliphaz
lay with Lotan's mother
the wife of Seir the Horite
of whom was born Timna
and when she grew up she became his concubine
and so was both his daughter and
his concubine:
and she bare to
Eliphaz Amalek;
from whence the Amalekites
sprung
often mentioned in Scripture
whom the Israelites were commanded
utterly to destroy
1 Samuel 15:18
these were
the sons of Adah
Esau's wife;
that is
her grandsons.
Genesis 36:13. 13 These
were the sons of Reuel: Nahath
Zerah
Shammah
and Mizzah. These were
the sons of Basemath
Esau’s wife.
YLT 13And these [are] sons of
Reuel: Nahath and Zerah
Shammah and Mizzah; these were sons of Bashemath wife
of Esau.
And these are
the sons of Reuel
....
Another son of Esau's;
this man had four sons
as follow:
Nahath
and
Zerah
Shammah and Mizzah:
of whom we know no more
than their names
unless Maps or Massa
which PtolemyF26Geograph. l.
5. c. 16. places in Idumea
should have its name from Mizzah:
these were the
sons of Bashemath
Esau's wife;
her grandsons
as before.
Genesis 36:14. 14 These
were the sons of Aholibamah
Esau’s wife
the daughter of Anah
the daughter of
Zibeon. And she bore to Esau: Jeush
Jaalam
and Korah.
YLT 14And these have been the
sons of Aholibamah daughter of Anah
daughter of Zibeon
wife of Esau; and she
beareth to Esau
Jeush and Jaalam and Korah.
And these were
the sons of Aholibamah
the daughter of Anah
the daughter of Zibeon
Esau's
wife
....
See Gill on Genesis 36:2; here
also the Samaritan and Septuagint versions read
"the daughter of Anah
the son of Zibeon":
and she bare to
Esau
Jeush
and Jaalam
and Korah;
this is repeated from Genesis 36:5; no
mention is made of her grandchildren
as of his other wives.
Genesis 36:15. 15 These
were the chiefs of the sons of Esau. The sons of Eliphaz
the firstborn son
of Esau
were Chief Teman
Chief Omar
Chief Zepho
Chief Kenaz
YLT 15These [are] chiefs of the sons
of Esau: sons of Eliphaz
first-born of Esau: chief Teman
chief Omar
chief
Zepho
chief Kenaz
These were
dukes of the sons of Esau
....
Ben Melech says
the
difference between a duke and a king was
that a king is crowned and a duke is
not crowned; but Jarchi interprets the word of heads of families
which seems
probable; so that as Esau's sons and grandsons are before related
here it is
suggested that they had large and numerous families
of which they were the
heads and governors; and in this and the following verses
Genesis 36:16; the
sons and grandsons of Esau by his several wives are rehearsed as in the
preceding verses
with the title of "duke" given to each of them.
Genesis 36:16. 16 Chief
Korah
[b] Chief
Gatam
and Chief Amalek. These were the chiefs of Eliphaz in the
land of Edom. They were the sons of Adah.
YLT 16chief Korah
chief Gatam
chief Amalek; these [are] chiefs of Eliphaz
in the land of Edom; these [are]
sons of Adah.
Duke Korah
....
Only among the sons of
Eliphaz is reckoned Duke Korah
not before mentioned among his sons
and is
left out in the Samaritan version; See Gill on Genesis 36:7; to
which it may be added
that according to GerundinsisF1Apud Menaasseh
ut supra. (conciliator in Gen. Quaest. 57. p. 81.)
this is the same with
Timna
related among the sons of Eliphaz
1 Chronicles 1:36;
who was called by his father Korah: or this might be a grandson of Eliphaz.
Genesis 36:17. 17 These
were the sons of Reuel
Esau’s son: Chief Nahath
Chief Zerah
Chief
Shammah
and Chief Mizzah. These were the chiefs of Reuel in the land of
Edom. These were the sons of Basemath
Esau’s wife.
YLT 17And these [are] sons of
Reuel son of Esau: chief Nahath
chief Zerah
chief Shammah
chief Mizzah;
these [are] chiefs of Reuel
in the land of Edom; these [are] sons of Bashemath
wife of Esau.
And these are
the sons of Reuel....
See Gill on Genesis 36:15.
Genesis 36:18. 18 And
these were the sons of Aholibamah
Esau’s wife: Chief Jeush
Chief
Jaalam
and Chief Korah. These were the chiefs who descended from
Aholibamah
Esau’s wife
the daughter of Anah.
YLT 18And these [are] sons of
Aholibamah wife of Esau: chief Jeush
chief Jaalam
chief Korah; these [are]
chiefs of Aholibamah daughter of Anah
wife of Esau.
And these are
the sons of Aholibamah Esua's wife;....
See Gill on Genesis 36:15.
Genesis 36:19. 19 These
were the sons of Esau
who is Edom
and these were their chiefs.
YLT 19These [are] sons of Esau
(who [is] Edom)
and these their chiefs.
These are
the sons of Esua
....
See Gill on Genesis 36:15.
Genesis 36:20. 20 These
were the sons of Seir the Horite who inhabited the land: Lotan
Shobal
Zibeon
Anah
YLT 20These [are] sons of Seir
the Horite
the inhabitants of the land: Lotan
and Shobal
and Zibeon
and
Anah
These are
the sons of Seir the Horite
who inhabited the land
....
"Before"
as the Targum of Jonathan
adds
that is
before it was inhabited by Esau and his posterity
and called
Edom
and had from him the name of Seir; but the Horites dwelt here before him
even in Abraham's time
Genesis 14:6; and
who were so called from their dwelling under ground in holes and caves
with
which the further part of the land of Edom abounded
and are the same the
Greeks call Trogloditae: Jarchi says
from their Rabbins
these were very
expert in the nature of the land
and knew what was fit for olives and what for
vines. Now the genealogy of this man is here given
partly to show who were the
ancient inhabitants of this land before they were drove out
and succeeded by Esau
and his sons
Deuteronomy 1:12;
and partly because of the intermarriages of Esau and his posterity with them
whereby they more easily came into the possession of the country; for Esau
married the daughter of Anah
the son of Zibeon
a son of Seir
Genesis 36:11; and
Eliphaz took Timna
a sister of Lotan the son of Seir
to be his concubine
Genesis 36:12; the
names of the sons of Seir follow:
Lotan
and
Shobal
and Zibeon
and Anah:
the first of these is saidF2Shalshalet
Hakabala
fol. 79. 1. to be the same with Latinus
a king that reigned in
Italy
which seems to be taken from the fancied resemblance of names. Zibeon
and Anah are here spoken of as brethren
the sons of Seir; whereas in Genesis 36:24; they
are made mention of as father and son; see Gill on Genesis 36:2;
Zibeon
according to the Jewish writersF3T. Bab. Pesachim
fol. 54.
1. & Bava Bathra
fol. 115. 2. Bereshit Rabba
sect. 82. fol. 72. 1.
committed incest with his mother
whence came Anah
and is called his brother
because of the same mother
and his son
as being begotten by him. They seem to
seek for such kind of copulations to reproach the Edomites.
Genesis 36:21. 21 Dishon
Ezer
and Dishan.
These were the chiefs of the Horites
the sons of Seir
in the land of
Edom.
YLT 21and Dishon
and Ezer
and
Dishan; these [are] chiefs of the Horites
sons of Seir
in the land of Edom.
And Dishon
and
Ezer
and Dishan
....
These were three others of
the sons of Seir
which with the other four before mentioned made seven:
these are
the dukes of the Horites
the children of Seir in the land of Edom;
these were in the land of
Edom before it was so called and possessed by the Edomites
and whose posterity
afterwards became tributary to them.
Genesis 36:22. 22 And
the sons of Lotan were Hori and Hemam.[c] Lotan’s
sister was Timna.
YLT 22And the sons of Lotan are
Hori and Heman; and a sister of Lotan [is] Timna.
And the
children of Lotan were Hori and Heman
....
The first of these seems
to have his name from the general name of the tribe or nation
and the other is
called Homam
1 Chronicles 1:39
and Lotan's
sister was Timna:
whom Eliphaz the firstborn
of Esau took for his concubine
Genesis 36:12; for
the sake of which her relation to Lotan is here mentioned; and she is said to
be the sister of this man particularly
though there were seven brethren of
them
because she might be his sister both by father and mother's side
when
she was not of the other only by the father's side.
Genesis 36:23. 23 These
were the sons of Shobal: Alvan
[d] Manahath
Ebal
Shepho
[e] and Onam.
YLT 23And these [are] sons of
Shobal: Alvan and Manahath
and Ebal
Shepho and Onam.
And the
children of Shobal were these
....
Who was the second son of
Seir
and whose sons were the five following:
Alvan
and
Manahath
and Ebal
Shepho
and Onam;
in 1 Chronicles 1:40
Alvan is called Alian
and Shepho is Shephi.
Genesis 36:24. 24 These
were the sons of Zibeon: both Ajah and Anah. This was the Anah
who found the water[f] in the
wilderness as he pastured the donkeys of his father Zibeon.
YLT 24And these [are] sons of
Zibeon
both Ajah and Anah: it [is] Anah that hath found the Imim in the
wilderness
in his feeding the asses of Zibeon his father.
And these are
the children of Zibeon
....
The third son of Self
and
who had two sons:
both Ajah and
Anah;
of the latter it is
observed:
this was
that Anah that found the mules in the wilderness
as he fed the asses of
Zibeon his father;
who observed
while he was
feeding his father's asses in the wilderness
that the he asses coupled with
mares
or horses with the she asses
and produced another sort of creatures
called mules; and by this means found out the way how such creatures might be
produced
and practised it: so Aelianus saysF4De Animal. l. 12. c.
16.
that mules are not the produce of nature
but you may call it an
adulterous invention of human contrivance and boldness
and a theft: this is
the common interpretation
and to which our version leads: but against it it
may be observed
that the word for "mules" is different from this
here used
nor is this word ever used of mules
nor does it appear that there
were any creatures of this sort before the days of David; nor is the word
translated "found" ever used of that which before was not in being
but of what already existed; nor is there any mention of horses or mares in
this account also; had it referred to a mixture of these creatures with asses
it would not have been omitted. Some think therefore the words are to be
rendered
"he found waters in the wilderness"; sources and
collections of waters which were not usual in a wilderness
and of great worth
and use in desert lands
as Edom was
and in those hot countries
and the
Vulgate Latin version renders it
"hot waters"; but then to the
fixing of either of these versions
the word must be altered either in its
points or letters
for which there is no authority. The Targum of Onkelos
renders it mighty ones or giants
and may signify the "Emim"
the
"aleph" being changed for "yod"
as Aben Ezra observes; and
then the sense is
that these gigantic people
who were so called from the
terror they taught upon their neighbours
and
who dwelt near the Horim in
Seir
Deuteronomy 2:10
as they used to steal from their flocks
Anah lighted on them in the
wilderness
and fell upon them
and took them; and with this agrees the
Samaritan version
"he found giants
in the wilderness"; and so
Abendana interprets the words: Aben Ezra observes that many interpret the word
of plants or herbs; and a very learnedF5Wagenseil
in Sota
p. 217
218. man is of opinion that the word used is the name of an useful herb or
plant
first discovered by Anah. This Anah
though a keeper of his father's
asses
is afterwards called Duke Anah; it being the custom of the sons of great
personages to be the keepers of flocks and herds; See Gill on Genesis 29:9.
Genesis 36:25. 25 These
were the children of Anah: Dishon and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah.
YLT 25And these [are] sons of
Anah: Dishon
and Aholibamah daughter of Anah.
And the
children of Anah were these
.... Dishon
the name of one of his
uncles. Genesis 36:21
and Aholibamah
the daughter of Anah;
Aben Ezra thinks this is
not the same Anah that was mentioned in the beginning of this verse; since
if
he was the same
there was no need to mention him again
but that he is the
same that is mentioned in Genesis 36:2; but
if he is not the same that is spoken of in this verse and Genesis 36:24
it
is difficult to account for the mention of him at all in this place: that he is
the same as in Genesis 36:2 seems
to be right
though it is attended with this difficulty
that the Anah and
Aholibamah there are represented as of the Hivites
whereas here they are
reckoned among the Horites; but it may be
as Ainsworth observes on Genesis 36:20
that
the Horites were of the race of the Hivites originally; and indeed this
Aholibamah being the wife of Esau seems to be the reason of this particular
notice taken of her here. She is omitted in 1 Chronicles 1:41.
Genesis 36:26. 26 These
were the sons of Dishon:[g]Hemdan
[h] Eshban
Ithran
and Cheran.
YLT 26And these [are] sons of
Dishon: Hemdan
and Eshban
and Ithran
and Cheran.
And these are
the sons of Dishon
....
Not of Dishon the son of
Anah
but of Dishon the son of Seir
Genesis 36:21; and
they are the four following:
Hemdan
and
Eshban
and Ithran
and Cheran;
the first of these is called
Amram
or rather Chamram
1 Chronicles 1:41.
Genesis 36:27. 27 These
were the sons of Ezer: Bilhan
Zaavan
and Akan.[i]
YLT 27These [are] sons of Ezer:
Bilhan
and Zaavan
and Akan.
The children of
Ezer are these
....
Another son of Seir
who
had the following sons:
Bilhan
and
Zaavan
and Achan;
the two last are called
Zavan and Jakan
in 1 Chronicles 1:42.
Genesis 36:28. 28 These
were the sons of Dishan: Uz and Aran.
YLT 28These [are] sons of Dishan:
Uz and Aran.
The children of
Dishon are these
....
The last of the seven sons
of Seir
and who had two sons:
Uz and Aran;
from the former of these
the land of Uz
inhabited by the Edomites
had its name
Lamentations 4:21;
some have taken this to be the country of Job
Job 1:1.
Genesis 36:29. 29 These
were the chiefs of the Horites: Chief Lotan
Chief Shobal
Chief Zibeon
Chief Anah
YLT 29These [are] chiefs of the
Horite: chief Lotan
chief Shobal
chief Zibeon
chief Anah
These are
the dukes that came of the Horites
....
Not that succeeded one
after another
as the kings next mentioned did
but were together
at the same
time
heads of respective families
and governors of them; and then the seven
sons of Seir are rehearsed in this verse and Genesis 36:30 in
their order
with the title of "duke" annexed to each of them
"Duke Lotan"
&c.
Genesis 36:30. 30 Chief
Dishon
Chief Ezer
and Chief Dishan. These were the chiefs of the
Horites
according to their chiefs in the land of Seir.
YLT 30chief Dishon
chief Ezer
chief Dishan: these [are] chiefs of the Horite in reference to their chiefs in
the land of Seir.
These are
the dukes that came of Hori
....
The ancestor of Seir
whence he is called the Horite
unless the singular is put for the plural
used
in Genesis 36:29
among their
dukes in the land of Seir;
not that there were other
dukes besides them in the land of Seir until Esau got among them
but these
were they whose habitations were before in the land of Gabla (or Seir); as the
Targum of Jonathan paraphrases it; or "in"
or "according to
their dukedoms"
as the Septuagint version; in their respective families
where they had the government
and which became very numerous.
Genesis 36:31. 31 Now these were the
kings who reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the children
of Israel:
YLT 31And these [are] the kings
who have reigned in the land of Edom before the reigning of a king over the
sons of Israel.
And these are
the kings that reigned in the land of Edom
....
In the land that was
afterwards called the land of Edom; for this laud was not so called when these
kings began to reign: for
according to Bishop CumberlandF6Orig.
Gent. Antiq. p. 1-24.
and those that follow himF7Bedford in his
Scripture Chronology
and the Authors of the Universal History.
these were
Horite kings
who
after their defeat by Chedorlaomer
Genesis 14:5; in
order to secure themselves the better from such a calamity for the future
set
up a kingdom
and which appears
by the following account
to be elective; and
so MaimonidesF8Morch Nevochim
par. 3. c. 50. p. 510. observes
that
not one of these kings were of Edom: and these were:
before there
reigned any king over the children of Israel;
and there being no kings
over Israel until many years after the times of Moses
hence some have thought
these words are inserted by some other writer after him; but there is no need
to suppose that; for Moses knew
from foregoing prophecies and promises
that
kings would arise out of them and reign over them
Genesis 17:6; and
this he was so certain of
that he himself
by divine direction
gave laws and
rules to the children of Israel respecting their future kings
Deuteronomy 17:14;
besides Moses himself was king in Jeshurun or Israel
Deuteronomy 33:5
so that it is the same as if he had said
these are the kings that reigned in
Edom
before this time.
Genesis 36:32. 32 Bela
the son of Beor reigned in Edom
and the name of his city was Dinhabah.
YLT 32And Bela son of Beor
reigneth in Edom
and the name of his city [is] Dinhabah;
And Bela the
son of Beor reigned in Edom
....
His name was not Balac
as
the Septuagint version
which may lead to think of Balak king of Moab; nor is
this the same with Balaam
the son of Beor
who lived ages after
as some in
Aben Ezra: who he was we know no more of than what is here said; he was the
first Horite king
and is placed by Mr. BedfordF9Scripture
Chronology
p. 316. in A. M. 2002:
and the name of
his city was Dinhabah
the place either where he
was born
or where he had been governor before
but of it we read nowhere else.
Genesis 36:33. 33 And
when Bela died
Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his place.
YLT 33and Bela dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah;
And Bela died
....
How long he reigned is not
known with any certainty
nor whether he left any sons behind him; if he did
they did not succeed him in the throne; for
Jobab the son
of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead:
this king some have
thought to be the same with Job
and from whom one of the books of Scripture has
its name; but neither their names
nor age
nor country agree: who this Jobab
and his father Zerah were cannot be said: they seem to be of the same country
in which Jobab reigned
since he is said to be of Bozrah
a famous city of
Idumea
after spoken of in the prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah and others
Isaiah 34:6; Jarchi
takes it to be a city of Moab
and indeed it is sometimes placed in Moab
and
sometimes in Edom
it being on the borders of both
and sometimes belonged to
the one and sometimes to the other. According to Mr. BedfordF11Scripture
Chronology
p. 327.
this king began his reign
A. M. 2135
so that the former
king must have reigned about forty two years; which is a space of time he
allows to each successor
taking them one with another
the particular and
exact time of each reign he not being able to fix.
Genesis 36:34. 34 When
Jobab died
Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
YLT 34and Jobab dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Husham from the land of the Temanite.
And Jobab died
....
According to Mr. Bedford
A. M. 2177:
and Husham of
the land of Temani reigned in his stead;
or of the land of the
south
as the Targum of Jonathan
of the southern part of the land of Idumea
as it was afterwards called; the metropolis of which was the city of Teman
after spoken of in Scripture
which had its name from Teman the son of Eliphaz;
See Gill on Genesis 36:11.
Genesis 36:35. 35 And
when Husham died
Hadad the son of Bedad
who attacked Midian in the field of
Moab
reigned in his place. And the name of his city was Avith.
YLT 35And Husham dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Hadad son of Bedad (who smiteth Midian in the field of Moab)
and the name of his city [is] Avith;
And Husham died
....
As is thought
about A. M.
2219
above forty years after the death of Abraham
as computed by the above
writer:
and Hadad the
son of Bedad (who smote Midian in the field of Moab) reigned in his stead:
who he or his father were
we have no other account
nor of this warlike action of his; probably the
Midianites came out to invade him
hearing of which
he went out against them
and met with him in the fields of Moab
which were near to Midian
and fought
them and conquered them: Jarchi says
the Midianites came out to make war
against the Moabites
and the king of Edom went out to help the Moabites
and
hence
he says
we learn
that Midian and Moab were near each other; and in the
days of Balaam they made peace
that they might combine against Israel: this
battle is supposed to be fought in the twelfth year of his reign; and it is
thought to be in his reign that Esau came with his family and dwelt in SeirF12Bedford's
Scripture Chronology
p. 343
349. ; though some place it later
either in the
following reign
or in that of his successorsF13Universal History
vol. 2. p. 170. :
and the name of
his city was Avith:
where it was is not
certain.
Genesis 36:36. 36 When
Hadad died
Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his place.
YLT 36and Hadad dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Samlah of Masrekah;
And Hadad died
....
As is supposed
about A.
M. 2241.
and Samlah of
Masrekah reigned in his stead;
but who he was
or the
place he was of
cannot be said.
Genesis 36:37. 37 And
when Samlah died
Saul of Rehoboth-by-the-River reigned in his place.
YLT 37and Samlah dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Saul from Rehoboth of the River;
And Samlah died
....
As is supposed
about A.
M. 2283.
and Saul of
Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead;
Rehoboth was one of the
cities built by Ashur
Genesis 10:11; and
was situated near the river Euphrates; and so the Targum of Jonathan calls it
Rehoboth which is by Euphrates; but JeromF14De loc. Heb. fol. 93. M.
& 94. A.
from Eusebius
takes it to be another city by a river in Edom
and says
that there was in his days a garrison in the country of Gabalena (a
part of Idumea)
a large village called by that name.
Genesis 36:38. 38 When
Saul died
Baal-Hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his place.
YLT 38and Saul dieth
and reign
in his stead doth Baal-hanan son of Achbor;
And Saul died
....
About A. M. 2325:
and Baalhanan
the son of Achbor reigned in his stead:
whose name
inverted
is
observed by Grotius to be the same with Hannibal; it signifies a gracious lord
or king.
Genesis 36:39. 39 And
when Baal-Hanan the son of Achbor died
Hadar[j] reigned in
his place; and the name of his city was Pau.[k] His wife’s
name was Mehetabel
the daughter of Matred
the daughter of Mezahab.
YLT 39and Baal-hanan son of
Achbor dieth
and reign in his stead doth Hadar
and the name of his city [is]
Pau; and his wife's name [is] Mehetabel daughter of Matred
daughter of
Me-zahab.
And Baalhanan
the son of Achbor died
....
About A. M. 2367.
and Hadar
reigned in his stead;
the last of the Horite
kings
when an end was put to this monarchy by the united families of Seir and
Esau
and changed into dukedoms; of which there were seven of the race of Seir
and fourteen of the race of Esau
of whom an account is given in the preceding
part of this chapter: as for this last king it is further said of him:
and the name of
his city was Pau;
but where it was cannot be
said:
and his wife's
name was Mehetabel
the daughter of Matred
the daughter of Mezahab;
this woman seems to be a
person of note
by the particular mention made of her; but whether the names of
her ancestors are the names of men or women it is not certain: some take Matred
to be the name of her father
and Mezahab the name of her grandfather; but
according to Aben Ezra
Marred was the name of her mother
who was the daughter
of Mezahab her grandfather; whom the Targum of Jonathan interprets melter of
gold
as does Saadiah Gaon.
Genesis 36:40. 40 And
these were the names of the chiefs of Esau
according to their families
and their places
by their names: Chief Timnah
Chief Alvah
[l] Chief
Jetheth
YLT 40And these [are] the names
of the chiefs of Esau
according to their families
according to their places
by their names: chief Timnah
chief Alvah
chief Jetheth
And these are
the names of the dukes that came of Esau
....
After the regal monarchy
ceased
the government in Edom was by dukes
and of these there were two sons
one of which an account has been given of already
who were partly of the race
of Seir
and partly of the race of Esau; and who were dukes not by succession
but together
in and over their respective families: and it may be observed
that neither Esau
nor his sons by his two first wives
Eliphaz and Reuel
are
called dukes
only his three sons by his last wife; all the rest are his
grandsons and sons of the two former
which seems to give some light as to the
time when those dukedoms took place; and very probably it was by the joint
influence of Seir and Esau
whose families had intermarried
that an end was
put to the regal power
and who
for a course of years
governed in the above
manner: and they of Esau's race in those times are said to be "dukes in
the land of Edom"
as a learned manF15Shuckford's Connection
p. 192. has observed; whereas those that follow
which are a second race of
them
are called "dukes of Edom"
Genesis 36:43; who
took possession of the country and ruled in it
driving out the Horites and
succeeding in their stead: these are described
according to
their families;
they were the heads of:
after their
places
by their names;
the places where they
lived
which were called after their names
and are as follow:
Duke Timnah
Duke Alvah
Duke Jetheth;
these were both the names
of the dukes
and of the places where they governed
called after their names;
so Timnah or Themna
as Jerom calls it
is by him said to be a city of the
princes of Edom
the same he says of JethethF16De loc. Heb. fol. 92.
F. 95. C.
so the like may be concluded of Alvah.
Genesis 36:41. 41 Chief Aholibamah
Chief
Elah
Chief Pinon
YLT 41chief Aholibamah
chief
Elah
chief Pinon
Duke
Aholibamah
Duke Elah
Duke Pinon.
The former is the name of
a woman
Genesis 36:2; here
the name of a man
and also of the place of which he was duke; for Jerom
observesF17De Loc. Heb. fol. 93. K.
that Oolibama is a city of the
princes of Edom
and who also makes mention of Elath
a country of the princes
of Edom
and a city of Esau
ten miles from Petra to the eastF18Ib.
fol. 91. E.
and the seat of Duke Pinon was very probably Phinon
which lay
between Petra and ZoarF19Eusebius apud Reland. Palestin. illustrat.
p. 71. .
Genesis 36:42. 42 Chief
Kenaz
Chief Teman
Chief Mibzar
YLT 42chief Kenaz
chief Teman
chief Mibzar
Duke Kenaz
Duke Teman
Duke Mibzar.
There was a Kenaz the son
of Eliphaz
and so a Teman a son of his
who were both dukes; but these seem to
be different from them
though the latter might be duke of the place called
Teman from him: which
in Jerom's timeF20De loc. Hebrews 3. fol. 95. B.
was a village five miles
distant from Petra
and where was a Roman garrison
and so Mabsar in his timesF21Ib.
was a large village in the country of Gabalena (a part of Idumea)
and called
Mabsara
and belonged to the city Petra.
Genesis 36:43. 43 Chief
Magdiel
and Chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom
according to
their dwelling places in the land of their possession. Esau was the
father of the Edomites.
YLT 43chief Magdiel
chief Iram:
these [are] chiefs of Edom
in reference to their dwellings
in the land of their
possession; he [is] Esau father of Edom.
Duke Magdiel
Duke Iram
....
Magdiel also
JeromF23De
loc. Hebrews 3. fol. 93. B. says
was in the
country of Gabalena
formerly possessed by the dukes of Edom; and the Targum of
Jonathan says
this duke was called Magdiel from the name of his city
which
was a strong "migdal" or tower: and Jarchi's note upon this word is
this is Rome; so the Jewish writers elsewhere sayF24Pirke Eliezer
c. 38.
that Esau had an hundred provinces from Seir to Magdiel; as it is said
"Duke Magdiel
Duke Iram"
this is Rome:
these be
the dukes of Edom
according to their habitations
in the land of their
possession;
the former race of dukes
as has been observed
were dukes in the land of Edom
were sojourners in the
land
at least had not sovereign dominion
or were not the only dukes in it;
there were dukes of the race of Seir at the same time; but now these having
driven out the Horites
were sole possessors and sovereign lords; and thus
while Israel and his posterity were sojourners in a strange land
Esau and his
family were possessors and lords of a country they could call their own:
he is
Esau the father of the Edomites;
that is
Edom
the dukes
of whose race are before reckoned up; the same is Esau
who had the name of Edom
from selling his birthright for a mess of red pottage: and this is the man from
whom the Edomites or Idumeans sprung
often hereafter spoken of in the
Scripture
though no more in this history. He is saidF25Shalshalet
Hakabala
fol. 5. 1. to be killed by the tribes of Israel
at the funeral of
Jacob
he coming forth with a great army to hinder his interment in the cave of
Machpelah: it is a tradition of the JewsF26T. Hieros. Gittin
fol.
47. 2.
he was slain by Judah.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》
New
King James Version (NKJV)
a.
Genesis 36:11
Spelled Zephi in 1 Chronicles 1:36
b.
Genesis 36:16
Samaritan Pentateuch omits Chief Korah.
c.Genesis 36:22
Spelled Homam in 1 Chronicles 1:39
d.
Genesis 36:23
Spelled Alian in 1 Chronicles 1:40
e.
Genesis 36:23
Spelled Shephi in 1 Chronicles 1:40
f.
Genesis 36:24
Following Masoretic Text and Vulgate (hot springs); Septuagint reads Jamin;
Targum reads mighty men; Talmud interprets as mules.
g.
Genesis 36:26
Hebrew Dishan
h.
Genesis 36:26
Spelled Hamran in 1 Chronicles 1:41
i.
Genesis 36:27
Spelled Jaakan in 1 Chronicles 1:42
j.
Genesis 36:39
Spelled Hadad in Samaritan Pentateuch
Syriac
and 1 Chronicles 1:50
k.Genesis 36:39
Spelled Pai in 1 Chronicles 1:50
l.
Genesis 36:40
Spelled Aliah in 1 Chronicles 1:51