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Leviticus
Chapter Four
New King James Version (NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO LEVITICUS 4
This
chapter contains the law of the sin offering
which was offered for sins
committed through ignorance
error
and mistake
Leviticus 4:1 and
gives an account of the matter of them
and the rites belonging thereunto
which were different according to the persons for whom it was made
as for the
anointed priest
Leviticus 4:3 for
the whole congregation
Leviticus 4:13 and
for the ruler
Leviticus 4:22 and
for any of the common people
Leviticus 4:27.
Leviticus 4:1. Now
the Lord
spoke to Moses
saying
YLT 1And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses
saying
And the Lord spake unto Moses
saying. Continued to
speak to him
or
after some pause made
proceeded to speak to him
and give
things in commandment concerning the sin offering
what it should be
and for
whom
as follows.
Leviticus 4:2.
2 “Speak to the children of
Israel
saying: ‘If a person sins unintentionally against any of the
commandments of the Lord
in anything which ought not to be done
and does any of them
YLT 2`Speak unto the sons of Israel
saying
When
a person doth sin through ignorance against any of the commands of Jehovah
[regarding things] which are not to be done
and hath done [something] against
one of these –
Speak unto the children of Israel
saying
.... For this
law concerning the sin offering
as the rest
only belonged to them
and such
as were proselyted to them:
if a soul should sin through ignorance; sin is from
the soul
though committed by the body; it is the soul that sins
Ezekiel 18:4 it
includes
as Aben Ezra observes
both Israelites and proselytes; who sinned
through ignorance either of the law
that such things were forbidden
or of
having committed them
they being done unobserved
and through inadvertency; or
were forgotten that they were done
or were done through error and mistake; these
sins are what the apostle calls the errors of the people
their strayings out
of the way through ignorance and inadvertency
Hebrews 5:2 such
sins as a man is overtaken with unawares
and is drawn into at once through
temptation and the prevalence of corruption; these are the errors and secret
faults which David distinguishes from presumptuous sins
Psalm 19:12
against any of the commandments of the Lord (concerning things
which ought not to be done.) The Jewish writersF13T. Bab.
Maccot
fol. 23. 2. distinguish the commandments of the Lord into affirmative
and negative
and make their number to be six hundred and thirteen; two hundred
and forty eight are affirmative
according to the number of bones in a man's
body
and three hundred sixty five are negative ones
according to the number
of the days of the year; and they observeF14Maimon. in Misn.
Horayot
c. 2. sect. 3. Bartenora in Misn. Ceritot
c. 1. sect. 1. Gersom in
loc.
it is only the transgression of negative precepts that is here meant
and for which a sin offering was to be brought:
and shall do against any of them; it must be something
done
and not merely said: hence the JewsF15Misn. Ceritot
c. 1.
sect. 2. & Bartenora in ib. Maimon. Hilchot Shegagot
c. 1. sect. 2. say
that as the neglect of circumcision
and of the passover
does not come under
this law
because they are affirmative precepts; so neither blasphemy
because
there is nothing done
only something said: of these sins of ignorance
they
give instances as follows; if any man eats the fat that is about the kidneys
thinking it is the fat that is about the heart; or that lies with a woman
forbidden by the law
thinking her to be his wife; or that commits idolatry
by
bowing to the idol
thinking that the law forbids sacrifice
incense
and
libation
but not bowing; or that profanes the sabbath
thinking it is a common
dayF16Maimon & Bartenora in Misn. Ceritot
ib. .
Leviticus 4:3.
3 if the anointed priest
sins
bringing guilt on the people
then let him offer to the Lord for his sin
which he has sinned a young bull without blemish as a sin offering.
YLT 3`If the priest who is anointed doth sin
according to the guilt of the people
then he hath brought near for his sin
which he hath sinned a bullock
a son of the herd
a perfect one
to Jehovah
for a sin-offering
If the priest that is anointed do sin
.... That is
the high priest
as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan
and the Septuagint
version
render it; who in after times was only anointed
though at first
Aaron's sons were anointed with him; so an high priest is described in Leviticus 21:10 and
such an one was liable to sin
and often did; which shows not only that the
greatest and best of men are not without sin
but proves what the apostle
observes
that the law made men high priests which had infirmity
even sinful
infirmities
who needed to offer for themselves as well as for the people; by
which it appeared that perfection could not be had by the Levitical priesthood
and that it was proper it should cease
and another priesthood take place
Hebrews 7:11
according to the sin of the people; committing the like sins
of error and ignorance as the common people
to which he was liable as they; or
"to make the people guilty"; as the margin reads; to which agrees the
Septuagint version
"so that the people sin"; and the Vulgate Latin
version
"making the people to sin"; either by his doctrine or
example
and both through ignorance
heedlessness
and inadvertency: the Targum
of Jonathan is
"when he offers the offering of sin for the people
not
according to its manner'or rite; as if his sin lay in erring while he was
offering; but be it in which way it may
whether by any unadvised inadvertent
action of his own
or ignorant instruction of the people
so causing them to
err
or any ignorance or mistake in offering the sacrifices of the people:
then let him bring for the sin which he has sinned; in either
way:
a young bullock; not an ox which was three years old
nor a
calf which was but of one year
but a bullock which was of two years; so
MaimonidesF17Maaseh Hakorbanot
c. 1. sect. 14. observes
that
wherever it is said a calf
that is a young one of the first year
but a
bullock it is a young one of the second year: as are men's characters
so are
the aggravations of their sins
and sacrifices were proportioned thereunto; the
high priest was obliged to bring the same offering as the whole congregation
did in a like case; see Leviticus 4:13.
without blemish; a type of the sacrifice of Christ offered
up without spot to God
as it follows:
unto the Lord; against whom sin is committed
and
therefore sacrifice both in the type and antitype must be brought and offered
up to him
by whom it is accepted
and to whom it is of a sweetsmelling savour
namely
the unblemished sacrifice of Christ:
for a sin offering; or "for sin": the sin offering is
called sin itself
and so is Christ the antitype of it
2 Corinthians 5:21
Christ is most holy in himself
had no sin in him
nor knew any
nor were any
committed by him; yet he appeared in the likeness of sinful flesh
took the
place of sinners
and was their substitute
had all their sins laid upon him
and was by imputation made sin itself
and became an offering for it
and so
fully answered the type of the sin offering.
Leviticus 4:4.
4 He shall bring the bull to
the door of the tabernacle of meeting before the Lord
lay his hand
on the bull’s head
and kill the bull before the Lord.
YLT 4and he hath brought in the bullock unto the
opening of the tent of meeting before Jehovah
and hath laid his hand on the
head of the bullock
and hath slaughtered the bullock before Jehovah.
And he shall bring the bullock unto the door of the tabernacle of
the congregation before the Lord
.... As the bullock of
the burnt offering; See Gill on Leviticus 1:3
and shall lay his hand on the bullock's head; the Targum of
Jonathan says his right hand; See Gill on Leviticus 1:4
and kill the bullock before the Lord; at the door
of the tabernacle
that is
in the court
as Gersom observes; according to the
above Targum
the butcher killed it
and not the priest: See Gill on Leviticus 1:5 all
this is typical of the imputation of sin to Christ
and of his death.
Leviticus 4:5.
5 Then the anointed priest
shall take some of the bull’s blood and bring it to the tabernacle of meeting.
YLT 5`And the priest who is anointed hath taken of
the blood of the bullock
and hath brought it in unto the tent of meeting
And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock's blood
.... Let out
and received into a basin; this he did himself
and not another
for he offered
for himself
and the blood was to make atonement for him:
and bring it to the tabernacle of the congregation; out of the
court where the bullock was slain
into the holy place
where were the vail
that divided between the holy of holies
and the altar of sweet incense
after
mentioned.
Leviticus 4:6.
6 The priest shall dip his
finger in the blood and sprinkle some of the blood seven times before the Lord
in front of
the veil of the sanctuary.
YLT 6and the priest hath dipped his finger in the
blood
and sprinkled of the blood seven times before Jehovah
at the front of
the vail of the sanctuary;
And the priest shall dip his finger in the blood
.... The
finger of his right hand
as Gersom observes
and so MaimonidesF18Maaseh
Hakorbanot
c. 5. sect. 7. Bartenora in Misn. Menachot
c. 3. sect. 4. ; for
blood was always taken and sprinkled with the right hand
if done with the left
it was wrong
according to the Jewish canonsF19Misn. Zebachim
c. 2.
sect. 1. & Bartenora in ib. and though it is only said the priest
and not
that is anointed
as before
yet it seems to mean him and not another; though
if a private priest did this
Gersom says
it would be right
and so MaimonidesF20Maaseh
Hakorbanot
c. 5. sect. 15. :
and sprinkle of the blood seven times before the Lord; a figure of
the blood of Christ
called
in allusion to this rite
the blood of sprinkling;
which being presented before the Lord
calls for pardon from him
and sprinkled
on the conscience
speaks peace there
and perfectly cleanses from all sin
which the seven times sprinkling is a symbol of:
before the vail of the sanctuary: the words may be
literally rendered
"the face of the vail of the sanctuary": as if
the blood was sprinkled on the outside of the vail. Jarchi's note is
"over
against the place of its holiness
he directed (it) over against between the
staves; the blood shall not touch the vail
but if it touches
it touches
it;'that is
it is no matter. And according to MaimonidesF21Ib.
sect. 13. the blood of bullocks and goats burnt was sprinkled seven times upon
the vail
which divided between the and the holy of holies. This typified the
vail of flesh
whose blood gives boldness to enter into the holiest of all
Hebrews 10:19.
Leviticus 4:7.
7 And the priest shall put
some of the blood on the horns of the altar of sweet incense before the Lord
which is in
the tabernacle of meeting; and he shall pour the remaining blood of the bull at
the base of the altar of the burnt offering
which is at the door of the
tabernacle of meeting.
YLT 7and the priest hath put of the blood on the
horns of the altar of spice-perfume before Jehovah
which [is] in the tent of
meeting
and all the blood of the bullock he doth pour out at the foundation of
the altar of the burnt-offering
which [is] at the opening of the tent of meeting.
And the priest shall put some of the blood
.... With his
finger
which he dipped into it:
upon the horns of the altar of sweet incense before the Lord
which is in the tabernacle of the congregation; this was the golden
altar on which incense was offered: it was placed before the vail
on the
outside of it
in the holy place
see Exodus 30:1 and the
priest
when he put the blood on the horns of it
began at the northeast horn
so to the northwest
then to the southwest
and last to the southeastF23Misn.
Yoma
c. 5. sect. 5. Maimon. ib. (Maasch Hakorbanot c. 5.) sect. 10. 14. ; and
the priest dipped his finger at every horn
and when he had finished at one
horn
he wiped his finger at the edge of the basin
and after that dipped a
second time; for what remained of the blood on his finger was not fit to put
upon another hornF24Maimon. ib. sect. 8. . This rite shows
that the
intercession of Christ
signified by the altar of sweet incense
proceeds upon
the foot of his blood and sacrifice
Revelation 8:3 1 John 2:1
and shall pour all the blood of the bullock at the bottom of the
altar of burnt offering
which is at the door of the tabernacle of the
congregation; this altar stood without the holy place
and the altar of
incense within; and after the priest had sprinkled of the blood of the bullock
upon the horns of the altar of incense
what remained he poured at the bottom
of the altar of burnt offering; for though it is said "all" the
blood
it can mean no more than what was left; wherefore the Vulgate Latin
version renders it
"all the remaining blood": and Jarchi's
explanatory note is
the rest of the blood. The place where this was poured
according to MaimonidesF25Ib. sect. 11.
was the west bottom of the
altar; and Gersom on the place observes the same. This denotes the efficacy of
Christ's blood to make atonement for sin
and the reverent esteem it ought to
be had in
being precious blood.
Leviticus 4:8.
8 He shall take from it all
the fat of the bull as the sin offering. The fat that covers the entrails and
all the fat which is on the entrails
YLT 8`And all the fat of the bullock of the
sin-offering he doth lift up from it
the fat which is covering over the
inwards
and all the fat which [is] on the inwards
Verses 8-10
And he shall take off from it all the fat of the bullock for the
sin offering
.... When the priest had killed the bullock
and sprinkled and
poured the blood
as before commanded; he then cut up the bullock
and took out
its inwards
and put them in a vessel
and salted them
and strowed them on the
firesF26Maimon. ib. (Maasch Hakorbanot) c. 7. sect. 2.
and burnt
them
and the fat of them
as he did with the sacrifice of the peace offerings;
so that what is here said
and in the two next verses Leviticus 4:9
is
the same with what is ordered concerning them in Leviticus 3:3; see
Gill on Leviticus 3:3
Leviticus 3:4
Leviticus 3:5.
Jarchi and Gersom both observe that they agree
that as one brings peace into
the world
so does the other.
Leviticus 4:9.
9 the two kidneys and the
fat that is on them by the flanks
and the fatty lobe attached to
the liver above the kidneys
he shall remove
YLT 9and the two kidneys
and the fat which [is]
on them
which [is] on the flanks
and the redundance above the liver
(beside
the kidneys he doth turn it aside)
Leviticus 4:10.
10 as it was taken from the
bull of the sacrifice of the peace offering; and the priest shall burn them on
the altar of the burnt offering.
YLT 10as it is lifted up from the ox of the
sacrifice of the peace-offerings; and the priest hath made them a perfume on
the altar of the burnt-offering.
Leviticus 4:11. 11 But
the bull’s hide and all its flesh
with its head and legs
its entrails and
offal—
YLT 11`And the skin of the bullock
and all its
flesh
besides its head
and besides its legs
and its inwards
and its dung –
And the skin of the bullock
.... Not taken off; for
the sin offerings that were burnt were not flayed at all
but were cut in
pieces with their skins on themF1Ib. (Maasch Hakoranot) c. 5. sect.
18. & 7. 2. ; in other burnt offerings the skin was taken off
and was a
perquisite of the priest
Leviticus 7:8 but
this being an offering for the priest
the skin was burnt with the rest:
and all his flesh
with his head
and with his legs
and his
inwards
and his dung; the burning of these denoted the sufferings of Christ
and these
several parts the extent of them
they reaching to all parts of his body as
stretched upon the cross; and the dung particularly the reproach of them
he
dying the death of the cross
and was made sin and a curse for his people.
Leviticus 4:12.
12 the whole bull he shall
carry outside the camp to a clean place
where the ashes are poured out
and
burn it on wood with fire; where the ashes are poured out it shall be burned.
YLT 12he hath even brought out the whole bullock
unto the outside of the camp
unto a clean place
unto the place of the pouring
out of the ashes
and he hath burnt it on the wood with fire; beside the place
of the pouring out of the ashes it is burnt.
Even the whole bullock shall he carry forth without the camp
.... The
Jewish writers interpret it without the three campsF2T. Bab. Yoma
fol. 68. 1. 2. & Sanhedrin
fol. 42. 2. Maimon. & Bartenora in Misn.
Zebachim
c. 12. sect. 5. Jarchi in loc.
the camp of the tabernacle
the camp
of the Levites
and the camp of the Israelites; when the temple was built
such
sacrifices were carried and burnt without the city of Jerusalem; there were three
places for burning; one was in the midst of the court
where they burnt such
sacrifices as were unfit and rejected; the other was in the mountain of the
house called Birah
where they burnt such as any accident befell them
after
the carrying of them out of the court; and the third place was without
Jerusalem
called the place of ashesF3Maimon. Maaseh Hakorbanot
c.
7. sect. 3
4. : this was typical of Christ being had out of the city of
Jerusalem
and suffering without the gates of it
Hebrews 13:11
unto a clean place
where the ashes are poured out; the ashes of
the burnt offerings. This
according to Ainsworth
answered to the place where
Christ was crucified
being a place of skulls
or dead men's ashes
John 19:17
and burn him on the wood with fire; any wood might be used
for the burning of it
even straw or stubble
which in the Hebrew language are
called wood
as Gersom on the place observes
and so MaimonidesF4Maimon.
Hilchot Maaseh Hakorbanot
c. 7. sect. 5. ; and it is added
"with
fire"
as the last writer saysF5Ib. Vid. T. Bab. Pesachim
fol.
75. 1.
to exclude lime and cinder coals:
where the ashes are poured out shall he be burnt; openly
without; and seeing it is not said
that the priest shall carry forth the
bullock
and shall burn it
it is concluded by Gersom on the place
that both
may be done lawfully by a stranger
and so MaimonidesF6Maimon. ib. .
Leviticus 4:13. 13 ‘Now
if the whole congregation of Israel sins unintentionally
and the thing is
hidden from the eyes of the assembly
and they have done something against
any of the commandments of the Lord in anything which
should not be done
and are guilty;
YLT 13`And if the whole company of Israel err
ignorantly
and the thing hath been hidden from the eyes of the assembly
and
they have done [something against] one of all the commands of Jehovah
[concerning things] which are not to be done
and have been guilty;
And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance
.... That is
all Israel
or the greatest part of them
as Gersom interprets it
through the
ignorant teaching of the judges
who by their instruction cause the people to
err
and commit sins of ignorance
as Baal Hatturim on the place observes
and
Maimonides elsewhereF7Hilchot Shegagot
c. 12. sect. 1. ; wherefore
Jarchi
and some others
by the congregation of Israel understand the
sanhedrim
or the bench of judges
consisting of seventy one. Ainsworth remarks
on the words
that the church may err:
and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly; congregation
or church
so that they do not know that it is a sin which they have committed:
and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments
of the Lord
concerning things which should not be done; transgressed
negative precepts:
and are guilty; of sin
though as yet they know it not.
Leviticus 4:14. 14 when
the sin which they have committed becomes known
then the assembly shall offer
a young bull for the sin
and bring it before the tabernacle of meeting.
YLT 14when the sin which they have sinned
concerning it hath been known
then have the assembly brought near a bullock
a
son of the herd
for a sin-offering
and they have brought it in before the
tent of meeting;
When the sin which they have sinned against it
.... Any of
the commandments of the Lord forbidding such a thing to be done:
is known; is made known to them by the priest
or any other
so that they
are convinced that what has been done is wrong
though done through ignorance:
then the congregation shall offer a young bullock for the sin
and
bring him before the tabernacle of the congregation; the same
offering with that of the anointed priest
he being
as Aben Ezra on the place
observes
equal to all Israel.
Leviticus 4:15. 15 And
the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands on the head of the bull
before the Lord.
Then the bull shall be killed before the Lord.
YLT 15and the elders of the company have laid their
hands on the head of the bullock
before Jehovah
and [one] hath slaughtered
the bullock before Jehovah.
And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands upon the
head of the bullock before the Lord
.... These must be two at
least
some say three
and some say fiveF8Misn. Sotah
c. 9. sect.
1. ; the more generally received notion is
that they were three of the
sanhedrimF9Maimon & Bartenora in Misn. Menachot
c. 9. sect. 7.
Maimon. Hilchot Maaseh Hakorbanot
c. 3. sect. 10. ; though the Targum of
Jonathan makes them to be the twelve rulers of the twelve tribes:
and the bullock shall be killed before the Lord; in the court
near the altar of burnt offering
either by a priest
or Levite
or by a
butcher
as the above Targum expresses it.
Leviticus 4:16. 16 The
anointed priest shall bring some of the bull’s blood to the tabernacle of
meeting.
YLT 16`And the priest who is anointed hath brought
in of the blood of the bullock unto the tent of meeting
Verses 16-21
And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood
.... That is
the chief priest
as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it:
to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought
the blood of his own bullock
Leviticus 4:5 from
hence to the Leviticus 4:16 an
account is given of the same rites to be observed in the sin offering
for the
congregation
as for the anointed priest; See Gill on Leviticus 4:6
Leviticus 4:7
Leviticus 4:12.
Leviticus 4:17. 17 Then
the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times
before the Lord
in front of the veil.
YLT 17and the priest hath dipped his finger in the
blood
and hath sprinkled seven times before Jehovah at the front of the vail
Leviticus 4:18. 18 And
he shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar which is
before the Lord
which is in the tabernacle of meeting; and he shall pour the remaining
blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering
which is at the door of the
tabernacle of meeting.
YLT 18and [some] of the blood he doth put on the
horns of the altar which [is] before Jehovah
which [is] in the tent of
meeting; and all the blood he doth pour out at the foundation of the altar of
the burnt-offering
which [is] at the opening of the tent of meeting;
Leviticus 4:19. 19 He
shall take all the fat from it and burn it on the altar.
YLT 19and all its fat he doth lift up from it
and
hath made perfume on the altar.
Leviticus 4:20. 20 And
he shall do with the bull as he did with the bull as a sin offering; thus he
shall do with it. So the priest shall make atonement for them
and it shall be
forgiven them.
YLT 20`And he hath done to the bullock as he hath
done to the bullock of the sin-offering
so he doth to it; and the priest hath
made atonement for them
and it hath been forgiven them;
Leviticus 4:21. 21 Then he shall carry the
bull outside the camp
and burn it as he burned the first bull. It is a
sin offering for the assembly.
YLT 21and he hath brought out the bullock unto the
outside of the camp
and hath burned it as he hath burned the first bullock; it
[is] a sin-offering of the assembly.
Leviticus 4:22. 22 ‘When
a ruler has sinned
and done something unintentionally against
any of the commandments of the Lord his God in anything
which should not be done
and is guilty
YLT 22`When a prince doth sin
and hath done
[something against] one of all the commands of Jehovah his God [regarding
things] which are not to be done
through ignorance
and hath been guilty –
When a ruler hath sinned
.... Or
"prince"
the "nasi"
one that is lifted up above others in
honour
power
and authority
or that bears the weight of government: the word
comes from one which signifies to lift up
or to bear; it may be understood of
a governor of a family
or of a tribe
as Aben Ezra observes; and so in the
TalmudF11T. Bab. Horayot
fol. 11. 1. it is said
it means the
prince of a tribe
such as Nachson the son of Amminadab
prince of the tribe of
Judah. MaimonidesF12Hilchot Shegagot
c. 15. sect. 6. says a king is
designed
over whom none has power; and so Gersom on the place
who observes
that David the king is called a prince
Ezekiel 34:24.
and done somewhat through ignorance against any of
the commandments of the Lord his God; the phrase
"his
God"
is here added
and is not used neither of the anointed priest
nor
of the congregation
nor of one of the common people; only of the prince
to
show
that though he is above others
God is above him
and he is accountable
to him; he is his God
of whom he is
and by whom he rules; wherefore if he
breaks any of his commandments
though ignorantly
he must bring a sacrifice
for it:
concerning things which should
not be done
and is guilty; of transgressing negative precepts
which
are as binding on him as others.
Leviticus 4:23. 23 or
if his sin which he has committed comes to his knowledge
he shall bring as his
offering a kid of the goats
a male without blemish.
YLT 23or his sin wherein he hath sinned hath been
made known unto him
then he hath brought in his offering
a kid of the goats
a male
a perfect one
Or if his sin wherein he hath sinned come to his knowledge
.... Or
rather
"and if his sin"
&c.F13או
και Sept. "et
postea"
V. L. & Noldius
p. 3. No. 23. either by means of others
informing him of it
or of himself calling to mind what he has done
and
considering it to be a transgression of the law:
he shall bring his offering
a kid of the goats
a male without
blemish; his offering was to be a "kid of the goats"
a fat and
a large one; because
as Baal Hatturim observes
he ate fat things every day;
and to distinguish it from the offering of one of the common people; and
"without blemish"; as all sacrifices were
that they might be typical
of the offering of Christ without spot.
Leviticus 4:24. 24 And
he shall lay his hand on the head of the goat
and kill it at the place where
they kill the burnt offering before the Lord. It is a sin
offering.
YLT 24and he hath laid his hand on the head of the
goat
and hath slaughtered it in the place where he doth slaughter the
burnt-offering before Jehovah; it [is] a sin-offering.
And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the goat
.... His right
hand
as the Targum of Jonathan; See Gill on Leviticus 1:4.
and kill it; not the prince
but the priest after mentioned
or the butcher
as the same Targum:
in the place where they hill the burnt offering before the Lord; in the court
on the north side of the altar
see Leviticus 1:11
it is a sin offering: an offering for his sin
of ignorance
or "sin"; so Christ our offering is said to be
2 Corinthians 5:21.
Leviticus 4:25. 25 The
priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger
put it
on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
and pour its blood at the base of
the altar of burnt offering.
YLT 25`And the priest hath taken of the blood of
the sin-offering with his finger
and hath put on the horns of the altar of the
burnt-offering
and its blood he doth pour out at the foundation of the altar
of the burnt-offering
And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with
his finger
.... With the finger of his right hand
as the TalmudistsF14T.
Bab. Zebachim
fol. 24. 1. observe
and Gersom on the place; the priest first
received the blood into a basin or ministering vessel
and then dipped the
finger of his right hand into it
that next the thumb:
and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering; the four
horns of it; in this there was a difference between the sacrifice of the
anointed priest and of the congregation
and this of the ruler; the blood of
the former was put upon the horns of the altar of incense
this upon the horns
of the altar of burnt offering:
and shall pour out his blood at the bottom of the altar of burnt
offering; the South bottom of it; the order of the priest's proceeding in
putting the blood was different from that used in putting it on the horns of
the altar of incense; here he first put the blood upon the southeast horn
then
upon the northeast
next upon the northwest
and then upon the southwest; and
upon the bottom of that horn where he finished
he poured the remainder of the
blood
which was the southern bottomF15Maimon. Hilchot Maaseh
Hakorbanot
c. 5. sect. 10. .
Leviticus 4:26. 26 And
he shall burn all its fat on the altar
like the fat of the sacrifice of the peace
offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin
and it
shall be forgiven him.
YLT 26and with all its fat he doth make perfume on
the altar
as the fat of the sacrifice of the peace-offerings; and the priest
hath made atonement for him because of his sin
and it hath been forgiven him.
And he shall burn all his fat upon the altar
Of burnt
offering
that is
the priest shall do it:
as the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings; see Leviticus 3:3.
and the priest shall make an atonement for him as concerning his
sin; in a typical way
directing to the great sacrifice of Christ
which is the only real atonement and propitiation for sin: the Vulgate Latin
Syriac
and Arabic versions
render
"the priest shall pray for him":
for the pardon of his sin:
and it shall be forgiven him; not for the prayers of
the priest
nor for the sacrifice offered up
but for the sake of Christ
the
antitype of such sacrifices
and when faith was exercised on him; or the
meaning is
he shall not be punished for it.
Leviticus 4:27. 27 ‘If
anyone of the common people sins unintentionally by doing something against
any of the commandments of the Lord in anything which
ought not to be done
and is guilty
YLT 27`And if any person of the people of the land
sin through ignorance
by his doing [something against] one of the commands of
Jehovah [regarding things] which are not to be done
and hath been guilty –
And if anyone of the common people sin through ignorance
.... Or
"if one soul of the people of the earth": that is
a single person
and so is distinguished from the congregation
one of the common sort of
people; however is neither an high priest
nor a prince
or king
but either a
common priest
or Levite
or Israelite; no man is free from sin; all sorts of
persons
of all ranks and degrees
high and low
rich and poor
men in office
civil or ecclesiastical
or in whatsoever state of life
are liable to sin
and
do sin continually
either ignorantly or willingly; and Christ is a sacrifice
for all sins and for all sorts of sinners:
whilst he doeth somewhat; &c. See Gill on Leviticus 4:2
Leviticus 4:13
Leviticus 4:22.
Leviticus 4:28. 28 or
if his sin which he has committed comes to his knowledge
then he shall bring
as his offering a kid of the goats
a female without blemish
for his sin which
he has committed.
YLT 28or his sin which he hath sinned hath been
made known unto him
then he hath brought in his offering
a kid of the goats
a perfect one
a female
for his sin which he hath sinned
Or if his sin which he hath sinned come to his knowledge
.... So that
he is convinced that he has sinned:
then he shall bring his offering; to the door of the
tabernacle of the congregation
to the priest there:
a kid of the goats: a young goat:
a female without blemish; and so inferior to the
offering of the ruler or prince; for the characters of men are aggravations of
their sins
and sacrifices were to be in some measure answerable to them
and
suitable to their circumstances:
for the sin which he hath sinned; to atone for it in a
typical way.
Leviticus 4:29. 29 And
he shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering
and kill the sin
offering at the place of the burnt offering.
YLT 29and he hath laid his hand on the head of the
sin-offering
and hath slaughtered the sin-offering in the place of the
burnt-offering.
And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering
.... His right
hand
as the Targum of Jonathan; not the priest that shall offer it
but the
man that has sinned
that brings it
thereby confessing his sin
and
transferring it to the sacrifice:
and slay the sin offering in the place of the burnt offering; that is
on
the north side of the altar.
Leviticus 4:30. 30 Then
the priest shall take some of its blood with his finger
put it
on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
and pour all the remaining
blood at the base of the altar.
YLT 30`And the priest hath taken of its blood with
his finger
and hath put on the horns of the altar of the burnt-offering
and
all its blood he doth pour out at the foundation of the altar
Verse 30-31
And the priest shall take of the blood
.... So that
all the preceding actions
the bringing the offering
the putting the hand upon
the head of it
and slaying it
were done by the man that sinned; of this and
what follows here and in the next verse Leviticus 4:31; see
Gill on Leviticus 4:25
Leviticus 4:26.
Leviticus 4:31. 31 He shall remove all its
fat
as fat is removed from the sacrifice of the peace offering; and the priest
shall burn it on the altar for a sweet aroma to the Lord. So the priest
shall make atonement for him
and it shall be forgiven him.
YLT 31and all its fat he doth turn aside
as the
fat hath been turned aside from off the sacrifice of the peace-offerings
and
the priest hath made perfume on the altar
for sweet fragrance to Jehovah; and
the priest hath made atonement for him
and it hath been forgiven him.
Leviticus 4:32. 32 ‘If
he brings a lamb as his sin offering
he shall bring a female without blemish.
YLT 32`And if he bring in a sheep [for] his
offering
for a sin-offering
a female
a perfect one
he doth bring in
And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering
.... As he
might if he would; the Jews observe
that in all places a lamb is put before a
goat
as being more excellent in its kind; but here it is mentioned after
which shows
they say
that they are equally alikeF16T. Bab.
Pesachim
fol. 57. 2. & Ceritot
fol. 28. 2. :
he shall bring it a female without blemish; typical of
Christ the Lamb of God
without spot and without blemish
1 Peter 1:19.
Leviticus 4:33. 33 Then
he shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering
and kill it as a sin
offering at the place where they kill the burnt offering.
YLT 33and he hath laid his hand on the head of the
sin-offering
and hath slaughtered it for a sin-offering in the place where he slaughtereth
the burnt-offering.
He shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering
.... On the
head of the lamb
as on the head of the goat
even his right hand
as the above
Targum
as before:
and slay it for a sin offering
in the place where they kill the
burnt offering: for if it was not slain for a sin offering
but for something
else
or on any other account
as for a burnt offering
it was not rightF17T.
Bab. Zebachim
fol. 7. 1. & Menachot
fol. 4. 1. .
Leviticus 4:34. 34 The
priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger
put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering
and pour all the
remaining blood at the base of the altar.
YLT 34`And the priest hath taken of the blood of
the sin-offering with his finger
and hath put on the horns of the altar of the
burnt-offering
and all its blood he poureth out at the foundation of the
altar
Verse 34-35
And the priest shall take of the blood
.... See Gill
on Leviticus 4:25
Leviticus 4:26.
Leviticus 4:35. 35 He
shall remove all its fat
as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice
of the peace offering. Then the priest shall burn it on the altar
according to
the offerings made by fire to the Lord. So the priest shall make
atonement for his sin that he has committed
and it shall be forgiven him.
YLT 35and all its fat he turneth aside
as the fat
of the sheep is turned aside from the sacrifice of the peace-offerings
and the
priest hath made them a perfume on the altar
according to the fire-offerings
of Jehovah
and the priest hath made atonement for him
for his sin which he
hath sinned
and it hath been forgiven him.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》