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Joshua Chapter
Fifteen
New King James Version (NKJV)
INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 15
In
this chapter are related the boundaries of the lot of the tribe of Judah
Joshua 15:1; and
the assignment of Hebron to Caleb
from whence he drove out the giants
and of
Debir
which was taken by Othniel his brother
to whom
on that account
he
gave his daughter in marriage
who made a further request to her father
which
was granted
Joshua 15:13; and
then follows an account of the several cities by name
which fell to the tribe
of Judah
Joshua 15:20.
Joshua 15:1 So
this was the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah according to
their families: The border of Edom at the Wilderness of Zin southward was
the extreme southern boundary.
YLT
1And the lot for the tribe
of the sons of Judah
for their families
is unto the border of Edom; the
wilderness of Zin southward
at the extremity of the south;
This then was the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah by
their families
.... The land of Canaan was divided by lot to the several tribes
and the tribe of Judah had its lot first; of the manner of casting lots; see
Gill on Numbers 26:55; It
seems as if the lot was first cast for the tribes of Judah and Joseph
when the
former had the southern
and the latter the northern part of the land for their
portion
which was done in Gilgal; after this lots were cast in Shiloh for the
other seven tribes
who had the land divided among them
which lay between
Judah and Joseph
or between the southern and northern parts of the land
see Joshua 18:1
&c. and it seems that not only the land was divided to the tribes by lot
but that the portion of land which belonged to each tribe was divided in the
same way to the several families and households belonging thereunto; as is here
suggested
with respect to the tribe of Judah
whose lot reached
even to the border
of Edom; or Idumea
which lay to the south of the land of Canaan:
the wilderness of Zin southward was the uttermost part of
the south coast; the same with Kadesh
and lay upon the borders of Edom; see Numbers 33:36.
Joshua 15:2 2 And their southern border
began at the shore of the Salt Sea
from the bay that faces southward.
YLT
2and to them the south
border is at the extremity of the salt sea
from the bay which is looking
southward;
And their south border was from the shore of the salt sea
.... Sometimes
called the dead sea
the sea of Sodom
and the lake Asphaltites
which
as
Jarchi observes
was southeast of the land of Israel:
from the bay that looketh southward; or the
"tongue"
as the Hebrew
which the Targum and Kimchi interpret of a
rock or promontory
the point that ran out into the sea
looking to the
southeast.
Joshua 15:3 3 Then it went out to the
southern side of the Ascent of Akrabbim
passed along to Zin
ascended on the
south side of Kadesh Barnea
passed along to Hezron
went up to Adar
and went
around to Karkaa.
YLT
3and it hath gone out unto
the south to Maaleh-Akrabbim
and passed over to Zin
and gone up on the south
to Kadesh-Barnea
and passed over [to] Hezron
and gone up to Adar
and turned
round to Karkaa
And it went out to the south side of Maalehacrabbim
.... Or the
ascent of Akrabbim
as it is called; see Gill on Numbers 34:4
and passed along to Zin
and ascended upon the south side unto
Kadeshbarnea; which perfectly agrees with the southern border of the land
as
described in Numbers 34:4
and passed along to Hezron
and went up to Adar; which two
places being near to one another
as is very likely
are put together
as if
one place
and called Hazaraddar
Numbers 34:4; and
mention is made of Hezron
which is Hazor
Joshua 15:25; but
not of Adar:
and fetched a compass to Karkaa; which JeromF23De
loc. Heb. fol. 88. E. 90. C. calls Acchara
a village in the wilderness; and if
the same with Carcaria
it was according to him a day's journey from Petra in
Idumea; but that is not likely; see Judges 8:10.
Joshua 15:4 4 From there
it passed toward Azmon and went out to the Brook of Egypt; and the border ended
at the sea. This shall be your southern border.
YLT
4and passed over [to] Azmon
and gone out [at] the brook of Egypt
and the outgoings of the border have been
at the sea; this is to you the south border.
From thence it passed
towards Azmon
and went out unto the river of Egypt
.... In like
manner is this coast described
Numbers 34:5; it is
called by JeromF24De loc. Heb. fol. 87. K. Asemona
and said to be a
city in the desert
to the south of Judah
dividing Egypt
and the lot of the
tribe of Judah
leading to the sea:
and the outgoings of that coast were at the sea; the
Mediterranean sea; or to the west
as the Targum; this was the utmost border of
the tribe of Judah this way:
this shall be your south coast; of the lot that fell to
the tribe of Judah.
Joshua 15:5 5 The east border was
the Salt Sea as far as the mouth of the Jordan. And the border on the northern
quarter began at the bay of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan.
YLT
5And the east border [is]
the salt sea
unto the extremity of the Jordan
and the border at the north
quarter [is] from the bay of the sea
at the extremity of the Jordan;
And the east border was the salt sea
even unto the
end of Jordan
.... To the place where Jordan fell into it; so that this border
was the whole length of the salt sea
which Josephus saysF25De Bello
Jud. l. 4. c. 8. sect. 4. was five hundred eighty furlongs; and
according to
PlinyF26Nat. Hist. l. 5. c. 16.
an hundred miles:
and their border in the north quarter was from the
bay of the sea
at the uttermost part of Jordan; this northern border
began where the eastern ended
at the bay or creek of the sea
where Jordan
fell into it.
Joshua 15:6 6 The border went up to Beth
Hoglah and passed north of Beth Arabah; and the border went up to the stone of
Bohan the son of Reuben.
YLT
6and the border hath gone up
[to] Beth-Hoglah
and passed over on the north of Beth-Arabah
and the border
hath gone up [to] the stone of Bohan son of Reuben:
And the border went up to Bethhoglah
.... A place
in the tribe of Benjamin
mentioned along with Jericho
and probably near it
Joshua 18:21; JeromF1De
loc. Heb. fol. 87. G. speaks of a place called Betagla
in his time
which was
three miles from Jericho
and two from Jordan
and perhaps is this same place:
and passed along by the north of Betharabah; another city
belonged to Benjamin
Joshua 18:22; and
lay in a as its name shows; or in a plain
as the Targum:
and the border went up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben; by whom
or
on whose account
it was placed
either as a sepulchral stone
he being buried
there
or in memory of some famous exploit done by him there
he being one of
those of the tribe of Reuben
that came with Joshua to assist in the war
against the Canaanites; or it was set for a sign of the border
as Kimchi
thinks
it being the boundary between Judah and Benjamin
Joshua 18:17.
Bunting saysF2Travels
&c. p. 144. it is near Bahurim
in the
valley just in the king's way
and is of an extraordinary greatness
shining
like marble.
Joshua 15:7 7 Then the border went up
toward Debir from the Valley of Achor
and it turned northward toward Gilgal
which is before the Ascent of Adummim
which is on the south side
of the valley. The border continued toward the waters of En Shemesh and ended
at En Rogel.
YLT
7and the border hath gone up
towards Debir from the valley of Achor
and northward looking unto Gilgal
which [is] over-against the ascent of Adummim
which [is] on the south of the
brook
and the border hath passed over unto the waters of En-Shemesh
and its
outgoings have been unto En-Rogel;
And the border went up towards Debir
.... This was
neither the Debir in the tribe of Gad
on the other side Jordan
Joshua 13:26; nor
that in the tribe of Judah near Hebron
Joshua 15:15; but a
third city of that name
and was not far from Jericho:
from the valley of Achor; where Achan was put to
death
and had its name from thence; which
according to Jarchi
lay between
the stone of Bohan and Debir:
and so northward
looking towards Gilgal; not the place
where Israel were encamped when this lot was made
but it seems to be the same
that is called Geliloth
Joshua 18:17
that is
the going up to Adummim; which
Jerom
saysF3De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E. F.
was formerly a little village
now in ruins
in the lot of the tribe of Judah
which place is called to this
day Maledomim; and by the Greeks "the ascent of the red ones"
because of the blood which was there frequently shed by thieves: it lies on the
borders of Judah and Benjamin
as you go from Jerusalem to Jericho
where there
is a garrison of soldiers for the help of travellers
and is supposed to be the
place where the man fell among thieves in his way from the one to the other
Luke 10:30. It was
four miles distant from Jericho to the west
according to AdrichomiusF4Theatrum
Terrae Sanct. p. 14.
and was a mountain
and part of the mountains of
Engaddi:
which is on the south side of the river; which some
take to be the brook Kidron; but that is not very likely
being too near
Jerusalem for this place: it may be rendered "the valley"
so Jarchi
either the valley of Achor
before mentioned
or however a valley that ran
along by the mount or ascent of Adummim
which lay to the south of it:
and the border passed to the waters of Enshemesh: or the
"fountain of the sun"; but of it we have no account what and where it
was. It might be so called
because dedicated to the sun by the idolatrous
Canaanites
or because of the sun's influence on the waters of it. Our city
Bath
is
by AntoninusF5Vid. Cambden's Britannia
p. 141.
called
"aquae solis"
the waters of the sun; though there is a fountain in
Cyrene
so called
for a reason just the reverse
it being
as MelaF6De
Situ Orbis
l. 1. c. 8. and PlinyF7Nat. Hist. l. 2. c. 103. affirm
hottest the middle of the night
and then grows cooler by little and little;
and when it is light is cold
and when the sun is risen is colder still
and at
noon exceeding cold; and
according to VossiusF8Observat. in Pompon.
Mel. ut supra. (De Situ Orbis
l. 1. c. 8.)
it is the same with the fountain
of Jupiter Ammon; and so it appears to be from HerodotusF9Melpomene
sive
l. 4. c. 181.
by whom it is also called the "fountain of the
sun"
and which he places in Thebes
though Pliny distinguishes them:
and the goings out thereof were at Enrogel; which
signifies "the fountain of the fuller"; so the Targum renders it
and
probably was a fountain where fullers cleansed their clothes; and was called
Rogel
as Jarchi and Kimchi say
because they used to tread them with their
feet when they washed them. This was a place near Jerusalem
as appears from 1 Kings 1:9; near
to which perhaps was the fuller's monument
at the corner tower of Jerusalem
JosephusF11De Bello Jud. l. 5. c. 4. sect. 2. speaks of
as there
was also a place not far from it called the fuller's field
Isaiah 7:3;
according to BuntingF12Travels
p. 148.
it had its name from
travellers washing their feet here.
Joshua 15:8 8 And the border went up by
the Valley of the Son of Hinnom to the southern slope of the Jebusite city
(which is Jerusalem). The border went up to the top of the mountain that
lies before the Valley of Hinnom westward
which is at the end of
the Valley of Rephaim[a] northward.
YLT
8and the border hath gone up
the valley of the son of Hinnom
unto the side of the Jebusite on the south (it
[is] Jerusalem)
and the border hath gone up unto the top of the hill-country
which [is] on the front of the valley of Hinnom westward
which [is] in the
extremity of the valley of the Rephaim northward;
And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom
.... Which
belonged to a man of that name formerly; and was near Jerusalem
placed by
JeromF12De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. to the east of it; but RelandF13Palest.
lllustrat. tom. 1. p. 253. rather thinks it is to the south. It was infamous
for the sacrifices of children to Moloch in it
by burning them
or causing
them to pass through fire: hence
in allusion to it
hell fire is often in the
New Testament called "Geenna"
Matthew 5:22 Luke 12:5; this
border from the salt sea
and from Jordan
is all along said to "go
up"
because from hence to Jerusalem was an ascent
that lying on higher
ground:
unto the south side of the Jebusite; of the place the
Jebusite inhabited:
the same is Jerusalem; which was formerly
called Jebus
from the inhabitants of it; yea
Jebusi
as here
and so may
intend not the inhabitants
but the place
see Joshua 18:28; and
here the Jebusites lived
at least in some part of it
until the time of David
2 Samuel 5:6
and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth
before the valley of Hinnom westward: which is generally
supposed to be the mount Moriah:
which is at the end of the valley of the giants
northward: the valley of
Rephaim
as it is called 2 Samuel 5:18
and
here Mount Moriah
as it was to the west of the valley of Hinnom
it was to the
north of the valley of Rephaim; which valley
as JosephusF14Antiqu.
l. 7. c. 4. sect. 1. & 12. 4. says
was not far from Jerusalem
twenty
furlongs from it. Some late travellersF15Egmont and Heyman's
Travels
vol. 1. p. 370. tell us it lies in the way from Jerusalem to
Bethlehem
and is not above two hours' ride from the former. From this account
it appears
as Jarchi remarks
that Jerusalem was not within the line
and was
not in the border of Judah
but of Benjamin
which tribe lay to the north of
Judah: it seems indeed to have been one part of it in the tribe of Judah
and
the other in the tribe of Benjamin; though the Jews frequently say it did not
belong to either tribe.
Joshua 15:9 9 Then the border went
around from the top of the hill to the fountain of the water of Nephtoah
and
extended to the cities of Mount Ephron. And the border went around to Baalah
(which is Kirjath Jearim).
YLT
9and the border hath been
marked out
from the top of the hill-country unto the fountain of the waters of
Nephtoah
and hath gone out unto the cities of mount Ephron
and the border
hath been marked out [to] Baalah
(it [is] Kirjath-Jearim);
And the border was drawn from the top of the hill
.... Mount
Moriah
and went round in a circuit
so Jarchi and Kimchi:
unto the fountain of the water of Nephtoah; which lay at
the bottom of it; which
according to the Jewish writers
is the same with the
fountain of Etam
from whence a stream flowed to the dipping room in the water
gate of the temple
where the high priest for the first time dipped himself on
the day of atonementF16T. Bab. Yoma
fol. 31. 1. & Gloss. in ib.
& T. Bab. Zebachim
fol. 54. 2. Kimchi in loc. :
and went out to the cities of Mount Ephron; JeromF17De
loc. Heb. fol. 91. A. speaks of an Ephron in the tribe of Judah
which was a
very large village in his time
and went by the name of Ephraea
and was twenty
miles from Aelia or Jerusalem to the north; and which Eusebius better places
eight miles from it; and Jarchi observes
that the line went to the north side
and the border enlarged to this place; near to this mountain were cities
and
it is not improbable that one of them might have its name from it; but whether
this
or what mountain is here meant
is uncertain: some have thought of
Ephraim
with its towns
mentioned in 2 Chronicles 13:19;
which seems to have been in the tribe of Ephraim; though RelandF18Palestin.
Illustrat. tom. 2. p. 765. places it in the tribe of Benjamin:
and the border was drawn to Baalah
which is Kirjathjearim; called
Kirjathbaal
or the city of Baal
Joshua 15:60; where
it is probable there was a temple of Baal; and when it came into the hands of
the Israelites
they changed its name to Kirjathjearim
or the city of the
woods
because of the great number of trees which grew about it; for which
reason it might have been pitched upon by the Heathens for their idolatrous
service; it was one of the cities of the Gibeonites
Joshua 9:17; and
according to Eusebius and JeromF19Apud ib. tom. 1. p. 488.
it was
nine or ten miles from Jerusalem
as you go to Lydda; it is also called Baalah
in 1 Chronicles 13:6;
and Baale of Judah
2 Samuel 6:2.
Joshua 15:10 10 Then the border turned
westward from Baalah to Mount Seir
passed along to the side of Mount Jearim on
the north (which is Chesalon)
went down to Beth Shemesh
and passed on
to Timnah.
YLT
10and the border hath gone
round from Baalah westward
unto mount Seir
and passed over unto the side of
mount Jearim (it [is] Chesalon)
on the north
and gone down [to] Beth-Shemesh
and passed over to Timnah;
And the border compassed from Baalah westward unto Mount Seir
.... Not that
in Idumea
so famous for its being the seat of Esau
which lay remote from
hence
but a third of that name near Kirjathjearim; and which AdrichomiusF20Theatrum
Terrae Sanct. p. 24. places on the borders of Azotus and Ashkelon: this compass
is fetched from the north to the west:
and passed along unto the side of the mount Jearim
which is
Chesalon
on the north side; that is
on the north side of the mount
which went by both those names; and which JeromF21De loc. Heb. fol.
90. F. places on the borders of Aelia or Jerusalem; but it seems to be at a
distance from thence
and near to Kirjathjearim
and had its name
as that
from the multitude of trees that grow on it:
and went down to Bethshemesh; there were several
cities of this name; but this
according to JeromF23Ib. fol. 89. H.
was a Levite's city in the tribe of Benjamin
and in his day was shown as you
go from Eleutherepolis to Nicopolis or Emmaus
ten miles to the east; according
to BurchardF24Apud Masium in loc.
it was five miles from
Kirjathjearim to the south; and BuntingF25Travels
p. 124. places it
four miles from Jerusalem westward
taking it for a city in the tribe of Judah
Joshua 21:16
and passed on to Timnah; which
in Jerom's time
was a large village on the borders of Lydda
as you go to Jerusalem
in the
tribe of Judah
or DanF26De loc. Heb. fol. 95. C. ; his placed in
the tribe of Judah
Joshua 15:57;
though thought to be afterwards given to Dan; here Judah sheared his sheep; see
Gill on Genesis 38:12.
Joshua 15:11 11 And the border went out to
the side of Ekron northward. Then the border went around to Shicron
passed
along to Mount Baalah
and extended to Jabneel; and the border ended at the
sea.
YLT
11and the border hath gone
out unto the side of Ekron northward
and the border hath been marked out [to]
Shicron
and hath passed over to mount Baalah
and gone out [to] Jabneel; and
the outgoings of the border have been at the sea.
And the border went out unto the side of Ekron northward
.... Which was
one of the principalities of the Philistines; and which
though it fell to the
lot of Judah
Joshua 15:45
was
not possessed by them:
and the border was drawn to Shicron
and passed along to Mount
Baalah; of which places we have no account elsewhere:
and went unto Jabneel; which Masius makes no
doubt was one of the Jamnias
and particularly that which was a seaport; which
Strabo saysF1Geograph. l. 16. p. 522. was distant from Azotus and
Ashkelon about two hundred furlongs
or twenty five miles:
and the goings out of the border were at the sea; the
Mediterranean sea; here the northern border ended.
Joshua 15:12 12 The west border was
the coastline of the Great Sea. This is the boundary of the children of
Judah all around according to their families.
YLT
12And the west border [is] to
the great sea
and [its] border; this [is] the border of the sons of Judah
round about for their families.
And the west border was to the great sea
and the coast thereof
.... The
western border of the tribe of Judah went along by the Mediterranean sea
which
lay west to the land of Canaan; and this border reached from Jabneel to the
river of Egypt
where the southern border ended
Joshua 15:4
this is the coast of the children of Judah round about
according to their families; but being too large
some part of it was
afterwards given to Simeon
and some particular cities of it were given to Dan
and Benjamin: it was bounded on the west by the tribes of Simeon and Dan
towards the Mediterranean sea
and by the tribe of Benjamin on the north
and
by the wilderness of Paran on the south
and by the dead sea and Jordan on the
east.
Joshua 15:13 13 Now to Caleb the son of
Jephunneh he gave a share among the children of Judah
according to the
commandment of the Lord
to Joshua
namely
Kirjath Arba
which is Hebron (Arba was
the father of Anak).
YLT
13And to Caleb son of
Jephunneh hath he given a portion in the midst of the sons of Judah
according
to the command of Jehovah to Joshua
[even] the city of Arba
father of Anak --
it [is] Hebron.
And unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a part among the
children of Judah
.... That is
Joshua gave it to him. This account is inserted
before the cities in the lot of the tribe of Judah were enumerated
to show
what was to be excepted from them
and which had been given to Caleb previous
to the lot:
according to the commandment of the Lord to Joshua; for as he had
declared this to Moses
Deuteronomy 1:36;
so it seems he also gave the same order to Joshua
who
it is not improbable
might consult the Lord about it when Caleb made his request
Joshua 14:12
even the city of
Arba the father of Anak
which city is Hebron; See Gill on Joshua 14:15.
Joshua 15:14 14 Caleb drove out the three
sons of Anak from there: Sheshai
Ahiman
and Talmai
the children of Anak.
YLT
14And Caleb is dispossessing
thence the three sons of Anak
Sheshai
and Ahiman
and Talmai
children of
Anak
And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak
.... Some
think this was after the death of Joshua
and is here inserted by some other
person divinely inspired
and thoroughly acquainted with this fact
that the
gift and the possession of this place might appear in one view; but it rather
seems to be done before:
Sheshai
and Ahiman
and Talmai
the children of Anak; the very same
giants Caleb saw at Hebron
when he was sent a spy into the land
Numbers 13:22; for
these may as well be supposed to have lived to this time as himself
unless it
can be thought that they were the sons of those men
called by their fathers'
names; and though they were driven out when Joshua took Hebron
yet while he
was engaged in making other conquests
or however before he died
they regained
the possession of that city
and of the parts adjacent to it
from whence
Caleb
with the help of his tribe
expelled them
conquered
and slew them
Judges 1:10.
Joshua 15:15 15 Then he went up from there
to the inhabitants of Debir (formerly the name of Debir was Kirjath
Sepher).
YLT
15and he goeth up thence unto
the inhabitants of Debir; and the name of Debir formerly is Kirjath-Sepher.
And he went up from thence to the inhabitants of Debir
.... Having
conquered Hebron
and got possession of that
Caleb marched to Debir
a city
not many miles from Hebron
and seems to have been in the country
and part of
the land
which was given him; of which See Gill on Joshua 10:38
and the name of Debir before was Kirjathsepher; or "the
city of books"; either a place of literature
a sort of an academy
or
where was a public library; the Targum calls it Kirjatharche
or the city of
the archives
in which were laid up the public records of the Canaanites; the
same is called Kirjathsannah for the like reason; see Gill on Joshua 15:49.
Joshua 15:16 16 And Caleb said
“He who
attacks Kirjath Sepher and takes it
to him I will give Achsah my daughter as
wife.”
YLT
16And Caleb saith
`He who
smiteth Kirjath-Sephar
and hath captured it -- I have given to him Achsah my
daughter for a wife.'
And Caleb said
he that smiteth Kirjathsepher
and taketh it
.... Which he
ordered to be proclaimed through the army that was under his command; and which
was done not so much on the account of the difficulty of taking the place
through the number of the inhabitants of it
and its fortifications
which it
seems had fallen again into the hands of the Canaanites
since it was taken by
Joshua; nor through inactivity
diffidence
and timorousness in himself; but
that others
who were officers
and men of valour under him
might gather some
laurels as well as himself; and chiefly being under a divine impulse
he
ordered this declaration to be made
whereby his brother Othniel
who was to be
a judge in Israel
might appear a great man
and fit for such an office; and as
an encouragement
he promises as follows:
to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife; and to be
married into the family of the chief prince of the tribe of Judah was a very
great honour
as well as no doubt a very large dowry might be expected
and was
given with her
and very probably the city of Debir was promised that should be
taken. This Achsah seems to be a daughter of Caleb by a concubine
1 Chronicles 2:48.
Joshua 15:17 17 So Othniel the son of
Kenaz
the brother of Caleb
took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as
wife.
YLT
17And Othniel son of Kenaz
brother of Caleb
doth capture it
and he giveth to him Achsah his daughter for
a wife.
And Othniel the son of Kenaz
the brother of Caleb
took it
.... The relation
of Othniel to Caleb is a little intricate
and
as it is understood
occasions
objections to the marriage of Caleb's daughter to him; it seems
at first
sight
that he was Caleb's own brother
a younger brother
and so uncle to his
daughter
and such marriages were forbidden
Leviticus 18:14.
Jarchi thinks he was the brother of Caleb by his mother's side; Kimchi
both by
father and mother's side; but not to observe
that besides the word
"brother" sometimes signifies only a kinsman
or near relation
and
not precisely a brother; it is not Othniel that is called the brother of Caleb
but Kenaz
who was the father of Othniel; so that Caleb was Othniel's uncle
and Achsah and Othniel were brothers' children
or first cousins
between whom
marriage was allowed of:
and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife; according to
the tenor of his proclamation
and the promise he made.
Joshua 15:18 18 Now it was so
when she
came to him
that she persuaded him to ask her father for a field. So
she dismounted from her donkey
and Caleb said to her
“What do you
wish?”
YLT
18And it cometh to pass
in
her coming in
that she persuadeth him to ask from her father a field
and she
lighteth from off the ass
and Caleb saith to her
`What -- to thee?'
And it came to pass
as she came unto him
.... To her
husband
being conducted from her father's house to his
in order to consummate
the marriage
just as we may suppose when she was got to her husband's house
before she lighted off the beast on which she rode:
that she moved him to ask of her father a field; or persuaded
him to make such a request to him
or that he would give her leave to make it;
that is
Achsah put Othniel her espoused husband upon it
to entreat her father
Caleb
or suffer her to use her interest with him to obtain a field of him
over and above
and something better
than what he had already given:
and she lighted off her ass; she leaped or threw herself
from it; or bowing herself
she fell off on her feet
as Jarchi interprets it
and in an humble manner made her obeisance to her father; though De Dieu
from
the use of the word in the Ethiopic language
gives a different sense
as if
she continued on her ass
and did not alight
waiting the success of her
husband's request; or that her father
taking notice of this
might ask the
reason of it
which would give her an opportunity of asking the favour of him
which she judged was a proper time of doing it; and there are some versions
which seem to countenance this sense the Septuagint version is
"she cried
from off the ass;'and the Vulgate Latin version
"she sighed as she sat
upon the ass:"
and Caleb said unto her
what wouldest thou? what wouldest
thou have? what is thy request for he perceived
by the posture she put herself
in
that she had something to say to him.
Joshua 15:19 19 She answered
“Give me a
blessing; since you have given me land in the South
give me also springs of
water.” So he gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
YLT
19And she saith
`Give to me
a blessing; when the land of the south thou hast given me
then thou hast given
to me springs of waters;' and he giveth to her the upper springs and the lower
springs.
Who answered
give me a blessing
.... By which she meant
not a paternal benediction
or that he would wish and pray for a blessing on
her; nor food
or a maintenance
as Jarchi
that her husband would provide for
her; but rather an inheritance or possession
as the Targum; or a gift
as
Abendana
a present
or something over and above what he had already given her;
or an addition to her portion
as Kimchi: the word is sometimes used for a fish
pool
as well as a blessing
and so glances at what she had in view
pools of
water
or a well watered land:
for thou hast given me a south land; a dry land
as the
Jewish writersF1So Jarchi and Kimchi in loc. R. Sol. Urbin. Ohel
Moed
fol. 34. 1. generally interpret this word
otherwise all the land
belonging to the tribe of Judah was south land
and Caleb could give her no
other; but Debir
as Hebron was
was in the hill country
was mountainous and
so dry
and wanted watering:
give me also springs of water; she means land in which
there were springs of water; for unless she was possessed of the land in which
they were
she would have no command of the springs
and so have little or no
use of them:
and he gave her the upper springs
and the nether springs; such as were
in the higher grounds
and such as were in the lower ones
that she might have
a sufficiency to water all her lands and fields; or as she moved her husband to
ask a field
and he put her on doing the same
Caleb gave her a field
in the
upper part of which were springs
and also in the lower part; though he seems
to have given more than she requested.
Joshua 15:20 20 This was the
inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families:
YLT
20This [is] the inheritance
of the tribe of the sons of Judah
for their families.
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of
Judah
according to their families. The general description
of which is given in the preceding part of the chapter
as the particular
cities belonging to it are enumerated in the following part; the account of the
gift of Hebron to Caleb
and the taking of Debir by Othniel
with the request
of Achsah
and the grant of it
are inserted between them
and stand as it were
in a parenthesis.
Joshua 15:21 21 The cities at the limits
of the tribe of the children of Judah
toward the border of Edom in the South
were Kabzeel
Eder
Jagur
YLT
21And the cities at the
extremity of the tribe of the sons of Judah are unto the border of Edom in the
south
Kabzeel
and Eder
and Jagur
And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah
.... That is
those cities which were the outward part of the tribe of Judah
the southern
border of it; for the midland cities are not in this part
of the description
reckoned
which reaches from hence to the end of Joshua 15:32
toward the coast of Edom southward: it begins about the dead
sea
and goes on in that part of the land of Canaan which bordered on Idumea
and so proceeds on westward towards Gaza
and the Mediterranean sea: the cities
in this part of the tribe
were Kabzeel
called Jekabzeel
Nehemiah 11:25; and
was the native place of Benaiah
one of David's mighty men
2 Samuel 23:20
and Eder and Jagur; of which we have no mention elsewhere.
Joshua 15:22 22 Kinah
Dimonah
Adadah
YLT
22and Kinah
and Dimonah
and
Adadah
And Kinah
.... Of this city we read of nowhere else:
and Dimonah; the second city is thought to be the same with Dibon
Nehemiah 11:25; and
JeromF2Comment. in Esaiam
c. 15. 9. observes
that a place
elsewhere was indifferently called in his time Dibon and Dimon;
and Adadah; the last of these cities is nowhere met with.
Joshua 15:23 23 Kedesh
Hazor
Ithnan
YLT
23and Kedesh
and Hazor
and
Ithnan
And Kedesh
.... The first of these cities seems to be Kadeshbarnea
which
was to the south of the land
and on the borders of Edom
from whence the spies
were sent
Numbers 32:8
and Hazor is another city from that which is mentioned
Joshua 11:1; and
was in the tribe of Naphtali:
and Ithnan
which JeromF3De loc. Heb. fol. 92. H. calls Jedna
was
according to him
six miles from Eleutheropolis
as you go to Hebron; the
Greek version joins this and the former city together
and makes them one.
Joshua 15:24 24 Ziph
Telem
Bealoth
YLT
24Ziph
and Telem
and
Bealoth
Ziph
.... Ziph was of the tribe of Judah in the south
on the borders
of Eleutheropolis
as Jerom saysF4De loc. Heb. fol. 95. G. and was
eight miles from Hebron to the east; and in his time a village was shown
where
David was hid; but that Ziph seems to be in another part of this tribe near
Carmel
and from whence a wilderness had its name; see Joshua 15:55
and Telem is supposed to be the same with Telaim
1 Samuel 15:4
and Bealoth; of this city we read nowhere else.
Joshua 15:25 25 Hazor
Hadattah
Kerioth
Hezron (which is Hazor)
YLT
25and Hazor
Hadattah
and
Kerioth
Hezron
(it [is] Hazor
)
And Hazor
Hadattah
and Kerioth
and Hezron
which is
Hazor. According to the Targum
two cities only are here meant
which
reads
"and Hazorhadattah
and Keriothhezron
which is Hazor"; and
this reading seems to be right; there were three Hazors in this tribe
one in Joshua 15:23
and
two more here
which are distinguished; the first is called Hazorhadattah
or
new Hazor; of which Jerom saysF5De. loc. Heb. fol. 88. B.
there is
a village at this day called Asor
in the borders of Ashkelon
to the east of
it
which fell to the lot of the tribe of Judah; the Scripture makes mention of
it
calling: it new Asor
to distinguish it from the old; and Keriothhezron is
the same with Hezron
Joshua 15:3; and
had also the name of Hezron. From this place Judas Iscariot is thought to have
his name
being Ishceriot
a man of Keriot.
Joshua 15:26 26 Amam
Shema
Moladah
YLT
26Amam
and Shema
and
Moladah
Amam
.... Of Amam we read nowhere else:
and Shema is thought by some to be the same with Sheba
though wrongly
given afterwards to the tribe of Simeon
as was also Moladah
mentioned with
it
Joshua 19:2
and Moladah; it is also spoken of in 1 Chronicles 4:28
and seems to be the same with Malathi or Malatis
about twenty miles from
HebronF6Vid. Reland. Palest. Illustrat. tom. 2. p. 885
886. .
Joshua 15:27 27 Hazar Gaddah
Heshmon
Beth Pelet
YLT
27and Hazar-Gaddah
and
Heshmon
and Beth-Palet
And Hazargaddah
.... The first of these
it is probable
is
the same
JeromF7Ut supra
(De loc. Heb.) fol. 92. B. calls Gadda
in the tribe of Judah
which was in his day a village in the extreme borders of
Daroma to the east
hanging over the dead sea:
and Heshmon is met with nowhere else:
and Bethpalet is in Nehemiah 11:26
where it is called Bethphelet.
Joshua 15:28 28 Hazar Shual
Beersheba
Bizjothjah
YLT
28and Hazar-Shual
and
Beer-Sheba
and Bizjothjah
And Hazarshual
.... The first of these seems to have its
name from an haunt of foxes here
and was given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:3; and is
mentioned as here with Beersheba
1 Chronicles 4:28 Nehemiah 11:27
and Beersheba was a city well known in the extreme border
of the land of Canaan southward; hence the phrase "from Dan to
Beersheba"
Judges 20:1
of
which Jerom saysF8lbid. fol. 89. E. F.
Bersabee
in the tribe of
Judah or Simeon
is at this day a large village
twenty miles from Hebron to
the south
in which there is a Roman garrison; and from hence the borders of
the land of Judea begin
and go on to Dan
which is by Paneas:
and Bizjothjah
of which mention is made elsewhere.
Joshua 15:29 29 Baalah
Ijim
Ezem
YLT
29Baalah
and Iim
and Azem
Baalah
.... Baalah was given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:3; for
Baalah is the same with Balah there
as it is with Bilba
1 Chronicles 4:29;
though according to the Jerusalem TalmudF9Hieros. Sanhedrin
fol.
18. 3. it is the same with Baalah
given to the tribe of Dan
Joshua 19:44; and
was one of those places whose houses were in Judah and their fields in Dan:
and Azem was also given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:3; it is
the same with Ezem
1 Chronicles 4:29
and Iim
of which we read nowhere else.
Joshua 15:30 30 Eltolad
Chesil
Hormah
YLT
30And Eltolad
and Chesil
and Hormah
And Eltolad
.... The first of these cities is called Tolad
1 Chronicles 4:29
and Chesil seems to be the same with Bethul and Bethuel
Joshua 19:4 1 Chronicles 4:30;
and here the Greek version calls it Baithel:
and Hormah is the same with Zephath
Judges 1:17. All
these three cities were given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:4.
Joshua 15:31 31 Ziklag
Madmannah
Sansannah
YLT
31and Ziklag
and Madmannah
and Sansannah
And Ziklag
.... Ziklag was also given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:5
it was
in the bands of the king of Gath
in the times of David
who gave it to him; it
bordered on the Amalekites
and is placed by JeromF3De loc. Heb.
fol. 94. I. in Daroma
on the south of the lot of Judah or Simeon.
and Madmannah
according to the same writerF4Ibid.
fol. 93. E.
was in his time called Menois
a town near the city Gaza:
and Sansannah
of which no mention is made elsewhere.
Joshua 15:32 32 Lebaoth
Shilhim
Ain
and
Rimmon: all the cities are twenty-nine
with their villages.
YLT
32and Lebaoth
and Shilhim
and Ain
and Rimmon; all the cities [are] twenty and nine
and their villages.
And Lebaoth
.... Whether Lebaoth is the same with Bethlebaoth
given to the
tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:6; is not
certain:
and Shilhim is nowhere else spoken of:
and Ain seems to be the same with that in Numbers 34:11; also
See Gill on Numbers 34:11.
and Rimmon
the place JeromF5De loc. Heb. fol. 91. C. calls
Eremmon
which he says was a large village of the Jews
sixteen miles from
Eleutheropolis to the south
in Daroma; this and the preceding are joined
together as one
and called Enrimmon
Nehemiah 11:29. It
is probable they were near to each other
and in process of time the buildings
of each might increase
so as to meet and join each other:
all the cities are twenty and nine
with their villages; but according
to our version
and as we point them
they are thirty eight; some make them
thirty six
others thirty seven; the Jews generally make thirty eight of them
as we do
and account for the difference of number thus; that nine of these
cities were given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:1; and
these being taken out of the thirty eight
there remain twenty nine; so Jarchi
and Kimchi account for it; but as the number of the cities is uncertain
and
this account is given before the separation of the nine
and they are all
reckoned together
this does not seem to be satisfactory; rather
as Abarbinel
observes
the twenty nine of the places enumerated were cities
and the other
were villages
unwalled towns
or not of so much note as the twenty nine.
Joshua 15:33 33 In the lowland: Eshtaol
Zorah
Ashnah
YLT
33In the low country:
Eshtaol
and Zoreah
and Ashnah
And in the valley
.... In Joshua 15:33 are
enumerated the several cities belonging to the tribe of Judah which lay in the
valley. JeromF6De. loc. Heb. fol. 94. M. says
that now all the
plain and champaign country near Eleutheropolis
which verges to the north and
west
is called "Sephela"
or the valley:
Eshtaol; the two first of these seem to be given afterwards to the tribe
of Dan
Joshua 19:41;
between these two places Samson was born and buried
Judges 13:2; they
were both at the same distance from Eleutheropolis
according to Jerom; of
Eshtaol he saysF7Ibid. fol. 91. C.
it is showed to this day ten
miles from Eleutheropolis
to the north
as you go to Nicopolis or Emmaus:
and Zoreah
of which he calls Saara
he saysF8lbid. fol. 94. I.
it is a village on the borders of Eleutheropolis
as you go to Nicopolis
about
ten miles of it in the tribe of Dan or Judah:
and Ashnah
of which no mention is made elsewhere; there was another place
of the same name
but different from this
Joshua 15:43.
Joshua 15:34 34 Zanoah
En Gannim
Tappuah
Enam
YLT
34and Zanoah
and En-Gannim
Tappuah
and Enam
And Zanoah
.... The first of these
Jerom saysF9De loc. Heb. fol.
95. G.
is in the borders of Eleutheropolis
as you go to Aelia (or
Jerusalem); there is at this day a village called Zanua:
and Engannim
which signifies a fountain of gardens
is
now (according to the same writerF11Ibid. fol. 91. E. ) a village
near Bethel:
and Tappuah was a royal city
of which see Joshua 12:17.
Enaim
in the tribe of Judah
Jerom saysF12Ibid. fol. 91. E. in his
day was the village Bethenim
about the turpentine tree
or oak of Mamre; but
that seems to be the same with Ain
Joshua 15:32; of
which he says the same under that word
and makes it to be two miles from the
oak
and four from Hebron. Masius thinks it is the same with Enam
near to
Timnath
of which See Gill on Genesis 38:14; it
following Tappuah one would be tempted to think with Jarchi it was the same
with Entappuah
but that that was on the borders of Manasseh
Joshua 17:7
and Enam; it has an ה prefixed to it
and may be
read "that Enam"
as pointing out some known and remarkable place
though now unknown.
Joshua 15:35 35 Jarmuth
Adullam
Socoh
Azekah
YLT
35Jarmuth
and Adullam
Socoh
and Azekah
Jarmuth
and Adullam
.... The two first of
these were royal cities
of which see Joshua 10:3
Socoh; Jerom saysF13De loc. Heb. fol. 94. I. there were two
little villages in his day of the name of Socho
as you go to Aelia (or
Jerusalem)
from Eleutheropolis
in the ninth mile on the public way
one in
the mountain
and the other in the plain
(the same with this
) both of which
were called Socoth: of this place was Antigonus
president of the sanhedrim
and successor of Simeon the just
called in the MisnahF14Pirke Abot
c. 1. sect. 3. a man of Socho:
and Azekah; See Gill on Joshua 10:10; it
appears to be near to Socoh from 1 Samuel 17:1
where the Philistines are said to pitch their camp between them.
Joshua 15:36 36 Sharaim
Adithaim
Gederah
and Gederothaim: fourteen cities with their villages;
YLT
36and Sharaim
and Adithaim
and Gederah
and Gederothaim; fourteen cities and their villages.
And Sharaim
.... Sharaim seems to be the Saara of Jerom
which he describes
as a village on the borders of Eleutheropolis
to the north as you go to
Nicopolis (or Emmaus)
about ten miles from it in the tribe of Dan or JudahF15Ut
supra. (De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E.) ; there was a place called Bethshaaraim
where the sanhedrim sometimes satF16T. Bab. Roshhashauah
fol. 31.
2.
and where R. Judah was buriedF17Gloss. in T. Bab. Sanhedrin
fol. 47. 1. . This seems to be the same with Shaaraim in 1 Samuel 17:52
and Adithaim; Jerom observesF18Ut supra
(De
loc. Heb.) fol. 88. F.
under the word "Adithaim"
that there is a
village called Adia
near Gaza
and another Aditha
near Diospolis (or Lydda)
to the east:
and Gederah
which seems to be the same Jerom calls Gaddera
in the tribe of
JudahF19De loc. Heb. fol. 92. B.
now
he says
called a village
belonging to the country of Aelia (or Jerusalem)
by the name of Gadera
about
the turpentine tree.
and Gederothaim
of which we nowhere else read; Kimchi
thinks Gederah and Gederothaim were one city:
fourteen cities with their villages; but
upon counting them
it will appear there are fifteen
which may be reduced to fourteen
if with Kimchi
we take the two last to be but one
who in this way reconciles it; or with
Jarchi make Tappuah and Enam to be one also
called Entappuah
which is the way
he takes to solve the difficulty; but perhaps the case is this
that one of the
places in the account was not a city
but a village.
Joshua 15:37 37 Zenan
Hadashah
Migdal
Gad
YLT
37Zenan
and Hadashah
and
Migdal-Gad
Zenan
.... Here begins another list or catalogue of the cities in the
valley or plain. Zenan perhaps is the same with Zaanan
Micah 1:11
and Hadashah was so small a city in Judea in the times of
the Misnic doctors
that they sayF20Misn. Eruvim
c. 5. sect. 6. it
had but fifty dwellings in it; and Jerom speaksF21De loc. Heb. fol.
88. F. of a place called Adasa
in the tribe of Judah
in his times a village
near Guphua; it should be Taphna:
and Migdalgad
of which we nowhere else read; some think
it had its name from some famous exploit done here by one of the tribe of Gad
who came over with Joshua to assist in the war
as the stone of Bohan the
Reubenite
Joshua 15:6.
Joshua 15:38 38 Dilean
Mizpah
Joktheel
YLT
38and Dilean
and Mizpeh
and
Joktheel
And Dilean
.... Of the first of these nothing is to be said:
and Mizpeh
of which name there were cities in other tribes; this in the
tribe of Judah was in the times of JeromF23De loc. Heb. fol. 93. D.
called Mapha
on the borders of Eleutheropolis to the south
as you go to
Aelia
or Jerusalem:
and Joktheel
of which nothing is to be said.
Joshua 15:39 39 Lachish
Bozkath
Eglon
YLT
39Lachish
and Bozkath
and
Eglon
Lachish
.... Lachish and Eglon were royal cities
of which see Joshua 10:3
and Bozkath
is called Boscath
of which place was the mother of King Josiah
2 Kings 21:1; some
take it to be the same with Bascana
as in the Apocrypha:"And when he came
near to Bascama he slew Jonathan
who was buried there.' (1 Maccabees 13:23)
and Eglon also was a royal city
of which see Joshua 10:3.
Joshua 15:40 40 Cabbon
Lahmas
[b] Kithlish
YLT
40and Cabbon
and Lahmam
and
Kithlish
And Cabbon
and Lahmam
and Kithlish. Cities of which
we can give no account
not being mentioned elsewhere.
Joshua 15:41 41 Gederoth
Beth Dagon
Naamah
and Makkedah: sixteen cities with their villages;
YLT
41and Gederoth
Beth-Dagon
and Naamah
and Makkedah; sixteen cities and their villages.
And Gederoth
.... Gederoth is reckoned among the cities
of the low country
and south of Judah
2 Chronicles 28:18
and Bethdagon; in it very probably was a temple of Dagon
which was a principal deity of the Philistines
1 Samuel 5:2; Jerom
saysF24De loc. Heb. fol. 89. F. in his time was shown a large
village called Capherdagon
between Diospolis and Jamnia; of Naamah
the same
writer says nothing
only that it was a city of the tribe of Judah:
and Makkedah; see Joshua 10:10; it
was a royal city
Joshua 12:16;
sixteen cities with their villages; and is the exact number
of them
as before enumerated.
Joshua 15:42 42 Libnah
Ether
Ashan
YLT
42Libnah
and Ether
and
Ashan
Libnah
.... Here begins another division or list of the cities of Judah
in the valley or plain. Libnah is the same with Libnah
a royal city; see Joshua 10:29
and Ether was given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:7; and
under Ether of the lot of Simeon
Jerom writesF25De loc. Heb. fol.
91. C. & 92. I.
there is now a very large village called Jethira
in
interior Daroma
near Malatha
twenty miles from Eleutheropolis:
and Ashan also was given to the tribe of Simeon
Joshua 19:7; and
the above writer relatesF26De loc. Heb. fol. 88. G.
that there was
in his times a village called Bethasan
belonging to Aelia
or Jerusalem
fifteen miles from it.
Joshua 15:43 43 Jiphtah
Ashnah
Nezib
YLT
43and Jiphtah
and Ashnah
and Nezib
And Jiphtah
.... Jiphtah is nowhere else mentioned:
and Ashnah; there was another Ashnah of this tribe
and which was in the
vale also
met with already in Joshua 15:33
and Nezib was in Jerom'sF1De loc. Heb. fol. 93. I. times called
Nasib
seven miles from Eleutheropolis
as you go to Hebron.
Joshua 15:44 44 Keilah
Achzib
and
Mareshah: nine cities with their villages;
YLT
44and Keilah
and Achzib
and
Mareshah; nine cities and their villages.
And Keilah
.... The first
of these is a well known city
which David saved from the hands of the
Philistines
1 Samuel 23:1
&c. In Jerom's time it was a little village to the east of Eleutheropolis
about eight miles from it
as you go to Hebron; in which was shown the
sepulchre of the Prophet HabakkukF2De loc. Heb. fol. 90. A. .
And Achzib is said to be on the borders of Asher
Joshua 19:29
and
is supposed the same with Chezib
Genesis 38:5; and
the Ecdippa of Josephus and others
and now called Zib; See Gill on Micah 1:14
and Mareshah; Jerom saysF3lbid. fol. 93. E.
only the ruins of it were to be seen two miles from Eleutheropolis:
nine cities with their villages; which is just their
number.
Joshua 15:45 45 Ekron
with its towns and
villages;
YLT
45Ekron and its towns and its
villages
Ekron
with her towns and
her villages. One of the five principalities of the Philistines
which with two
more next mentioned
though they fell to the lot of the tribe of Judah
were
never possessed by them; for which reason perhaps Gath and Ascalon are not
mentioned
and these are put for the rest; see Joshua 13:3.
Joshua 15:46 46 from Ekron to the sea
all
that lay near Ashdod
with their villages;
YLT
46from Ekron and westward
all that [are] by the side of Ashdod
and their villages.
From Ekron even unto the
sea
.... The Mediterranean sea
or the west
as the Targum:
all that lay near Ashdod
with their villages; this is the
Azotus of the New Testament
Acts 8:40
another
of the principalities of the Philistines
of which and Ekron See Gill on Amos 1:8 and See
Gill on Zephaniah 2:4.
Joshua 15:47 47 Ashdod with its towns and
villages
Gaza with its towns and villages—as far as the Brook of Egypt and the
Great Sea with its coastline.
YLT
47Ashdod
its towns and its
villages
Gaza
its towns and its villages
unto the brook of Egypt
and the
great sea
and [its] border.
Ashdod with her towns and
her villages
Gaza with her towns and her villages
.... Gaza was
another of the principalities of the Philistines
of which See Gill on Amos 1:7; See Gill
on Zephaniah 2:4; See
Gill on Acts 8:26; these
with the two other principalities not mentioned
Gath and Ashkelon
were in the
western border of the tribe of Judah
which reached from Ekron
the first that
is mentioned:
unto the river of Egypt; of which see Joshua 15:4
and the great sea
and the border thereof; the
Mediterranean sea
called so in comparison of the lesser seas in Judea
the
salt sea
and the sea of Tiberias; whose border was its shore
and the cities
upon it
and not the isles in the sea
as Jarchi.
Joshua 15:48 48 And in the mountain
country: Shamir
Jattir
Sochoh
YLT
48And in the hill-country:
Shamir
and Jattir
and Socoh
And in the mountains
.... The hill
country of Judea
as it is called Luke 1:39
in which
were the following cities:
Shamir: the Alexandrian copy of the Greek version reads Sophir as the
name
of the first of these cities; and Jerom saysF4De loc. Heb.
fol. 94. I. there was a village of this name in the mountainous parts
situated
between Eleutheropolis
and Ashkelon in the tribe of Judah; see Micah 1:11
and Jattir the same writer calls Jether
in the tribe of Judah; and saysF5Ibid.
fol. 92. l. there was in his time a very large village called Jethira
twenty
miles from Eleutheropolis
the inhabitants of which were then all Christians:
it was situated in interior Daroma
near Malatha:
and Socoh is different from Socoh in Joshua 15:35; that
was in the plain
this in the mountain; See Gill on Joshua 15:35.
Joshua 15:49 49 Dannah
Kirjath Sannah
(which is Debir)
YLT
49and Dannah
and
Kirjath-Sannah (it [is] Debir)
And Dannah
.... Dannah is
not mentioned elsewhere:
and Kirjathsannah
which is Debir; Kirjathsannah
had three names
this and Debir
and Kirjathsepher; See Gill on Joshua 15:15; all
which are of much the same signification; for "Sanna" with the ArabsF6"mos
vivendi
lex"
Golius
col. 1221. Castell. col. 2567. Vid. Bochart.
Canaan
50:2. c. 17. col. 771.
and so with the Phoenicians
signifies law
doctrine
and manner of life; and with the Mahometans the secondary law to the
Koran
and answers to the Jewish Misnah; and the Greek version interprets this
name "the city of letters". JeromF7De loc. Heb. fol. 90.
I. calls it Daenna
and seems to confound it with Dannah.
Joshua 15:50 50 Anab
Eshtemoh
Anim
YLT
50and Anab
and Eshtemoh
and
Anim
And Anab
.... Of Anab;
see Gill on Joshua 11:21
and Eshtemoh Jerom callsF8De loc. Heb. fol.
88. G. Astemech
a village in the tribe of Judah
and belongs to the Jews in
Daroma
and is to the north of a place called Anem
perhaps the same with Anim
here;
and Anim Jerom says is the village Anea
near another of the same name;
which he places to the south of Hebron
as he does this to the east
the
inhabitants of which in his time were all Christians.
Joshua 15:51 51 Goshen
Holon
and Giloh:
eleven cities with their villages;
YLT
51and Goshen
and Holon
and
Giloh; eleven cities and their villages.
And Goshen
.... Of Goshen
in the land of Canaan; see Gill on Joshua 10:41
and Holon
of which there is no other mention:
and Giloh was the city of Ahitophel
2 Samuel 15:12
eleven cities with their villages; the number agrees; this
is the first division of cities in the mountains; a second follows.
Joshua 15:52 52 Arab
Dumah
Eshean
YLT
52Arab
and Dumah
and
Eshean
Arab
.... Arab is
the same JeromF9De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. calls Ereb
and was in his
time a village in the south
and was called Heromith:
and Dumah; Duma
Jerom saysF11Ibid. fol. 90. K.
was a large
village in the south
also on the borders of Eleutheropolis
seventeen miles
from it:
and Eshean
of which we have no account.
Joshua 15:53 53 Janum
Beth Tappuah
Aphekah
YLT
53and Janum
and
Beth-Tappuah
and Aphekah
And Janum
.... Under the
word "Janum"
Jerom writesF12De loc. Heb. fol. 92. I.
there is a village called Janua
three miles from Legion to the south
but
seems not to be what is written:
and Bethtappuah is by Jerom called BethaphuF13Ibid.
fol. 89. F.
and said to be a village in the tribe of Judah
fourteen miles
beyond Raphia
as you go to Egypt
which is the border of Palestine:
and Aphekah; Jerom speaksF14Ibid. fol. 88. D. of a large castle in
his time called Apheca
near the town of Palestine; there were several places
of the name of Aphek; See Gill on Joshua 12:18. As
for Bethtappuah
it seems to be a place which was dedicated to a deity to which
apples were sacred
in memory of the apple by which mankind was seduced; there
was in later times a goddess called Pomona from hence.
Joshua 15:54 54 Humtah
Kirjath Arba
(which is Hebron)
and Zior: nine cities with their villages;
YLT
54and Humtah
and
Kirjath-Arba (it [is] Hebron)
and Zior; nine cities and their villages.
And Humtah
.... Of Humtah
we nowhere else read:
and Kirjatharba
which is Hebron; of
Kirjatharba we read frequently; See Gill on Joshua 14:15
and Zior; Jerom saysF15De loc. Heb. fol. 94. H.
that in his
time there was a village shown by the name of Sihor
between Aelia (or
Jerusalem) and Eleutheropolis
in the tribe of Judah:
nine cities with their villages; which is exactly their
number
as expressed; here ends the second division
or of the cities in the
hill country of Judea; a third follows.
Joshua 15:55 55 Maon
Carmel
Ziph
Juttah
YLT
55Maon
Carmel
and Ziph
and
Juttah
Maon
Carmel
.... Maon was
the dwelling place of Nabal the Carmelite
whose possessions were in Carmel
and were not far from one another
1 Samuel 25:2. It
gave name to a wilderness near where David hid himself from Saul
1 Samuel 23:25;
JeromF16De loc. Heb. fol. 93. E. places it to the east of Daroma
who also informsF17lbid. fol. 92. C. us
that there was in his time
a village that went by the name of Carmelia
ten miles from Hebron towards the
east
and where was a Roman garrison.
and Ziph
according to the same writerF18Ibid. fol. 95. G.
was eight miles from Hebron to the east; and there was a village shown in his
time where David was hid; this gave name to a wilderness also
1 Samuel 23:14
and Juttah
which Jerom callsF19Ibid. fol. 92. I. Jeshan
was in
his time a large village of the Jews
eighteen miles from Eleutheropolis
to
the southern part in Daroma. RelandF20Palestin. Illustrat. tom. 2.
p. 870. conjectures that this was the native place of John the Baptist; and
that
instead of "a city of Judah"
it should be read "the city
Juta"
Luke 1:39.
Joshua 15:56 56 Jezreel
Jokdeam
Zanoah
YLT
56and Jezreel
and Jokdeam
and Zanoah
And Jezreel
.... This
Jezreel in the tribe of Judah is different from that which was once a royal
seat of some of the kings of Israel
and from whence the famous valley of
Jezreel or Esdraelon had its name: of this we have no other account elsewhere:
and Jokdeam; of which we have no other mention:
and Zanoah is a distinct place from the city of the same name in the valley
Joshua 15:34.
Joshua 15:57 57 Kain
Gibeah
and Timnah:
ten cities with their villages;
YLT
57Cain
Gibeah
and Timnah;
ten cities and their villages.
Cain
.... Cain
or
Hakain
"that Cain"
we nowhere else read of; whether the name was
given it by the old Canaanites
in memory of Cain
the son of Adam
is not
certain:
Gibeah; there were other places that went by the name of Gibeah; there
was a Gibeah in Benjamin
Judges 20:4
and
another in the same tribe called Gibeah of Saul
1 Samuel 11:4
to
distinguish it from that; but this was in the tribe of Judah. Masius
conjectures it is the same with that in 1 Samuel 23:19
which was near Ziph; and not amiss. JeromF21Ut supra
(De loc. Heb.)
fol. 92. C. makes mention of Gabaha and Gabatha
little villages to the east of
Daroma; and of another Gabatha
near Bethlehem
in the tribe of Judah; but
whether either of these are meant it is doubtful:
Timnah
of this city; see Gill on Joshua 15:10
ten cities with their villages; the number agrees with
the names of them.
Joshua 15:58 58 Halhul
Beth Zur
Gedor
YLT
58Halhul
Beth-Zur
and
Gedor
Halhul
.... Here
begins a fourth division
or list
of the cities in the mountains. Halhul Jerom
calls Ehul
and saysF23De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. there was in his
time in the country belonging to Aelia (or Jerusalem) a village by the name of
Ahula
near Hebron; and
Bethzur
Jerom saysF24De loc. Heb. fol. 89. G.
was then
called Bethseron
a village as you go from Aelia to Hebron
in the twentieth
mile
near which was a fountain at the bottom of a mount
where it is said the
eunuch was baptized by Philip: he makes mention of another village called
Bethsur in the tribe of Judah
a mile from Eleutheropolis. In the
Apocrypha:"So he came to Judea
and drew near to Bethsura
which was a
strong town
but distant from Jerusalem about five furlongs
and he laid sore
siege unto it.' (2 Maccabees 11:5)it is
said to be but five furlongs from Jerusalem
but it must have been at a greater
distance:
Gedor
of this city; see Gill on Joshua 12:13.
Joshua 15:59 59 Maarath
Beth Anoth
and
Eltekon: six cities with their villages;
YLT
59and Maarath
and
Beth-Anoth
and Eltekon; six cities and their villages.
And Maarath
and
Bethanoth
and Eltekon
.... Of these cities we have no account elsewhere; only mention
is made of Eltekeh
in the tribe of Dan
Joshua 19:44
six cities with their villages; these were all in the
mountainous part of Judea
as were the two following.
Joshua 15:60 60 Kirjath Baal (which is
Kirjath Jearim) and Rabbah: two cities with their villages.
YLT
60Kirjath-Baal (it [is]
Kirjath-Jearim)
and Rabbah; two cities and their villages.
Kirjathbaal
(which is
Kirjathjearim
)
.... Of Kirjathbaal
and its several names; see Gill on Joshua 15:9
and Rabbah
of which we nowhere else read; for this is a very different city
from the Rabbah of the children of Ammon
2 Samuel 12:26
two cities with their villages; why these are reckoned
by themselves is not certain.
Joshua 15:61 61 In the wilderness: Beth Arabah
Middin
Secacah
YLT
61In the wilderness:
Beth-Arabah
Middin
and Secacah
In the wilderness
.... The
wilderness of Judea
which was not a desert and uninhabited but had many cities
and villages in it
those that follow:
Betharabah; the first of these seems to be in the borders of Judah and
Benjamin
and so is ascribed to both; see Joshua 15:6
Middin
and Secacah; of the two last we read
nowhere else
only in Judges 5:10; what
we translate "ye that sit in judgment"
Kimchi interprets
"ye
that dwell by Middin"
and says it is the name of a place in Joshua
and mentions
this passage.
Joshua 15:62 62 Nibshan
the City of Salt
and En Gedi: six cities with their villages.
YLT
62and Nibshan
and the city
of Salt
and En-Gedi; six cities and their villages.
And Nibshan
.... Of
Nibshan no mention is made elsewhere:
and the city of Salt some take to be Zoar
so
called because near the salt sea
or where Lot's wife was turned into a pillar
of salt
Genesis 19:22; but
rather this city might be so called
because salt was made here.
and Engedi
or Engaddi
is a well known place
near the salt sea; See Gill
on Ezekiel 47:10. Jerom
saysF25De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B.
there was a very large village of
Jews in his time called Engaddi
near the dead sea
from whence comes the
opobalsam; the same place is called Hazazontamar
from the palm trees which
grew there
2 Chronicles 20:2.
It was famous for vineyards also
Song of Solomon 1:14;
it lay
according to JosephusF26Antiqu. l. 9. c. 1. sect. 2.
three
hundred furlongs or about forty miles from Jerusalem:
six cities with their villages; the sum total agrees
with the particulars.
Joshua 15:63 63 As for the Jebusites
the
inhabitants of Jerusalem
the children of Judah could not drive them out; but
the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.
YLT
63As to the Jebusites
inhabitants of Jerusalem
the sons of Judah have not been able to dispossess
them
and the Jebusite dwelleth with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem unto this
day.
As for the Jebusites
the
inhabitants of Jerusalem
.... From whom the city was called Jebus
Judges 19:10. The
Jews say
that these Jebusites were not those of the seven nations; but there
was a man whose name was Jebus
and he was of the Philistines
of the seed of
Abimelech
and the place was called by his name Jebus; and the men of that
family that dwelt at Jerusalem
their names were called Jebusites
having their
descent from him; so Araunah
the Jebusite
was king of that place: and the
fort of that place was Zion
which was at Jerusalem: so Kimchi relates from
their Rabbins
and with whom Jarchi agrees
but without any foundation; there
is no doubt to be made of it
that these Jebusites were Canaanites:
the children of Judah could not drive them out; according to
the above Jewish writers they could have done it
but it was not fit and proper
they should
because of the oath of Abraham to Abimelech
from whom they
suppose these Jebusites sprung; but the case was this; though Joshua slew the
king of this place
and took his land with the rest
Joshua 10:1; and
though the men of Judah retook it after his death
it having been got into the
hands of the Jebusites again
Judges 1:8; yet
either the fort of Zion was never taken by either of them
or if taken
the
Jebusites got possession of it again
and held it until the times of David; see
2 Samuel 5:6
but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem
unto this day; the one in the fort of Zion
and the other in the city of
Jerusalem
properly so called
and thus they continued unto the writing of this
book; by which it should seem
that the Jebusites were not dispossessed of
their fort
or a part of the city
by Joshua; or this might be added and
inserted by some inspired man afterwards; or however it must be done before the
times of David: and from the whole it appears
that the city of Jerusalem
at
least a part of it
belonged to the tribe of Judah
as another part did to that
of Benjamin
to which it is ascribed
Joshua 18:28; see Judges 1:21.
──《John Gill’s
Exposition of the Bible》
New King James
Version (NKJV)