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Luke Chapter Five

 

Luke 5

Man He was come for men. He will associate others (chap. 5) with Himself in this glorious work. He has a right to do it. If He is in grace a servant He is so according to the full power of the Holy Ghost. He works a miracle well adapted to strike those whom He would call and which made them feel that everything was at His disposal that all depended on Him that where man could do nothing He could do everything. Peter stricken in conscience by the presence of the Lord confesses his unworthiness but drawn by grace goes to Christ. Grace raises him up and appoints him to speak of itself to others-to fish for men. Already it was not a preacher of righteousness among the people of God but one who drew into His net those that were afar off. He attracted to Himself as the manifestation on earth of the power and the character of God. It was grace which was there.

He was there with the will and the power to heal that which was a figure of sin and incurable but by the intervention of God. But God had intervened; and in grace He can say and says to one who acknowledged His power but doubted His will "I will be thou clean." [1] Yet He submitted to Jewish ordinances as one obedient to the law. Jesus prayed as a man dependent on God. This was His perfection as a man born under the law. Moreover He must needs acknowledge the ordinances of God not yet abrogated by His rejection. But this obedience as man became a testimony; for the power of Jehovah alone could heal leprosy and He had healed it and the priests were to acknowledge that which had been done.

But He brings pardon as well as cleansing. He gives a proof of this by removing all infirmity and imparting strength to one who had none. This was not the doctrine that God could pardon. They believed that. But God had intervened and pardon was present. They would no longer have to wait for the last day nor for a day of judgment to know their condition. A Nathan would not be required to come and proclaim it on the part of a God who was in heaven while His people were on earth. Pardon was come in the Person of the Son of man come down to earth. In all this Jesus gave proofs of the power and the rights of Jehovah. In this instance it was the fulfilment of Psalm 103:3; but at the same time He gives these proofs as accomplished by the power of the Holy Ghost without measure in man in His own Person the true Son of God. The Son of man has power on earth to forgive sins: in fact Jehovah was come a man on earth. The Son of man was there before their eyes in grace to exercise this power-a proof that God had visited them.

In both these instances [2] the Lord while displaying a power fitted to extend and that was to extend beyond this sphere displays it in connection with Israel. The cleansing was a proof of the power of Jehovah in the midst of Israel and the pardon was in connection with His government in Israel and therefore proved itself by the perfect cure of the sick man according to the psalm already quoted. [3] No doubt these rights were not limited to Israel but at that moment they were exercised in connection with this nation. He cleansed in grace that which Jehovah alone could cleanse. He pardoned that which Jehovah alone could pardon taking away all the consequence of their sin. It was in this sense a governmental pardon; the power of Jehovah present fully to restore and re-establish Israel-wherever at least faith could profit by it. Afterwards we shall find pardon for peace of soul.

The call of Levi and that which follows shews that not only was this power of grace to extend beyond Israel but that the old vessel was not able to bear it. It must form a vessel for itself.

We may also remark here on the other hand that faith is characterised by perseverance. In the consciousness of the evil an evil without remedy and in the assurance that One able to heal is there it does not allow itself to be discouraged-does not put off the relief of its need. Now the power of God was there to meet this need.

This terminates that part of the narrative which reveals in a positive way divine power visiting the earth in grace in the Person of the Son of man and exercised in Israel in the condition in which it found them.

That which follows characterises its exercise in contrast with Judaism. But that which we have already examined is divided into two parts having distinct characters which deserve to be noticed. First from chapter 4:31-41 it is the power of the Lord manifesting itself on His part as triumphing (without any particular connection with the mind of the individual) over all the power of the enemy whether in sickness or in possession. The power of the enemy is there: Jesus casts it out and heals those who are suffering from it. But secondly His occupation is to preach. And the kingdom was not only the manifestation of a power which casts out all that of the enemy but of a power which brought souls also into connection with God. We see this in chapter 5:1-26. Here their condition before God -sin and faith are in question-in a word all that belonged to their relationship with God.

Here consequently we see the authority of the word of Christ upon the heart the manifestation of His glory (He is owned as Lord) conviction of sin just jealousy for His glory in the sense of His holiness which should keep itself inviolate; the soul taking God's part against itself because it loves holiness and respects the glory of God even while feeling the attraction of His grace; so that owing to this everything is forgotten-fish nets boat danger: "one thing" already possesses the. soul. The Lord's answer then dispels all fear and He associates the freed soul with Himself in the grace which He had exercised towards it and in the work which He wrought in behalf of men. It was already delivered morally from all that was around it; now in the full enjoyment of grace it is set free by the power of grace and wholly given to Jesus. The Lord-perfect manifestation of God-in creating new affections by this revelat ion of God separates the heart from all that bound it to this world to the order of the old man in order to set it apart for Himself-for God. He surrounds Himself with all that is delivered becoming its centre; and indeed delivers by being so.

He then cleanses the leper which none but Jehovah could do. Still He does not come out of His position under the law; and however great His fame He maintains His place of perfect dependence as man before God. The leper the unclean may return to God.

He next forgives. The guilty one is no longer so before God; he is pardoned. At the same time he receives strength. Nevertheless it is still the Son of man who is there. In both cases faith seeks the Lord bringing its need before Him.

The Lord now exhibits the character of this grace in connection with its objects. Being supreme being of God it acts in virtue of its rights. Human circumstances do not hinder it. It adapts itself by its very nature to human need and not to human privileges. It is not subject to ordinances [4] and does not come in through them. The power of God by the Spirit was there and acted for itself and produced its own effects setting aside that which was old-that to which man was attached [5] and to which the power of the Spirit could not be confined. The scribes and Pharisees would not have the Lord associate with the wicked and disreputable. God seeks those who need Him-sinners-in grace.

When they ask why His disciples do not observe the customs and the ordinances of John and the Pharisees by which they guided the legal piety of their disciples it is that the new thing could not be subjected to the forms that belonged to that which was old and which could not sustain the strength and energy of that which came from God. The old were the forms of man after the flesh; the new the energy of God according to the Holy Ghost. Moreover it was not the time for a piety that took the form of self-mortification. What else could man do? But the Bridegroom was there.

Nevertheless man would prefer that which was old because it was man and not the energy of God.

Footnotes

[1] If a man touched a leper he was unclean. But here grace works and Jesus undefilable touches the leper (God in grace undefilable but a man touching the defiled thing to cleanse it.

[2] The call of Peter is more general in this respect that it is connected with the Person of Christ. Nevertheless although he was a fisher of men (a word used evidently in contrast with the fishes he was occupied with) he exercised his ministry more particularly with regard to Israel. But it was power in the Person of Christ that governed his heart; so that it was fundamentally the new thing but as yet in its connection with Israel while extending beyond them. It is at the end of chapter 7 and in chapter 8 that we enter on ground beyond the narrow limits of Israel.

[3] Compare Job 33 36 and James 5:14 15-the first outside dispensations and James under Christianity. In Israel it is the Lord Himself in sovereign grace.

[4] Christ born under the law was subject to them; but that is a different thing. Here it is a divine power acting in grace.

[5] But here also the Lord in giving the reasons why the disciples did not follow the ordinances and the institutions of John and of the Pharisees connects them with the two principles already pointed out-His position in the midst of Israel and the power of grace which went beyond its limits. The Messiah Jehovah Himself was among them in this grace (in spite of their failure under the law in spite of their subjection to the Gentiles) according to which Jehovah named Himself "I am the Lord that healeth thee." At least He was there in the supremacy of grace for faith. Those therefore who owned Him as the Messiah the husband of Israel could they fast while He was with them? He would leave them: without doubt that would be their time to fast. Moreover secondly it is always impossible. He could not adapt the new cloth of Christianity to the old garment of Judaism in its nature incapable of receiving its energy or adapting itself to grace worn out withal as a dispensation by sin and under which Israel was in judgment made subject to the Gentiles. Besides the power of the Spirit of God in grace could not be restricted to the ordinances of the law. It would destroy them by its very strength. The call of Levi violated and most openly all the prejudices of the Jews. Their own fellow-countrymen were the instruments of their masters' extortion and reminded them in the most painful manner of their subjection to the Gentiles. But the Lord was there in grace to seek sinners. That which the Holy Ghost sets before us is the presence of the Lord and the rights which are necessarily attached to His Person and to His sovereign grace which had come into Israel but necessarily went beyond its limits (setting aside consequently the legal system which could not receive the new thing). This is the key to all these narratives. Thus also in that which follows respecting the sabbath the one case shews the supremacy which His glorious Person gave Him over that which was the sign of the covenant itself; and the other that the goodness of God cannot abdicate its rights and its nature. He would do good even on a sabbath-day.

── John DarbySynopsis of Luke

 

Luke 5

Chapter Contents

The miraculous draught of fishes Peter James and John called. (1-11) A leper cleansed. (12-16) A paralytic cured. (17-26) Levi called Christ's answer to the Pharisees. (27-39)

Commentary on Luke 5:1-11

(Read Luke 5:1-11)

When Christ had done preaching he told Peter to apply to the business of his calling. Time spent on week days in public exercises of religion need be but little hinderance in time and may be great furtherance to us in temper of mind as to our worldly business. With what cheerfulness may we go about the duties of our calling when we have been with God and thus have our worldly employments sanctified to us by the word and prayer! Though they had taken nothing yet Christ told them to let down their nets again. We must not abruptly quit our callings because we have not the success in them we desire. We are likely to speed well when we follow the guidance of Christ's word. The draught of fishes was by a miracle. We must all like Peter own ourselves to be sinful men therefore Jesus Christ might justly depart from us. But we must beseech him that he would not depart; for woe unto us if the Saviour depart from sinners! Rather let us entreat him to come and dwell in our hearts by faith that he may transform and cleanse them. These fishermen forsook all and followed Jesus when their calling prospered. When riches increase and we are tempted to set our hearts upon them then to quit them for Christ is thankworthy.

Commentary on Luke 5:12-16

(Read Luke 5:12-16)

This man is said to be full of leprosy; he had that distemper in a high degree which represents our natural pollution by sin; we are full of that leprosy; from the crown of the head to the sole of the foot there is no soundness in us. Strong confidence and deep humility are united in the words of this leper. And if any sinner from a deep sense of vileness says I know the Lord can cleanse but will he look upon such a one as me? will he apply his own precious blood for my cleansing and healing? Yes he will. Speak not as doubting but as humbly referring the matter to Christ. And being saved from the guilt and power of our sins let us spread abroad Christ's fame and bring others to hear him and to be healed.

Commentary on Luke 5:17-26

(Read Luke 5:17-26)

How many are there in our assemblies where the gospel is preached who do not sit under the word but sit by! It is to them as a tale that is told them not as a message that is sent to them. Observe the duties taught and recommended to us by the history of the paralytic. In applying to Christ we must be very pressing and urgent; that is an evidence of faith and is very pleasing to Christ and prevailing with him. Give us Lord the same kind of faith with respect to thy ability and willingness to heal our souls. Give us to desire the pardon of sin more than any earthly blessing or life itself. Enable us to believe thy power to forgive sins; then will our souls cheerfully arise and go where thou pleasest.

Commentary on Luke 5:27-39

(Read Luke 5:27-39)

It was a wonder of Christ's grace that he would call a publican to be his disciple and follower. It was a wonder of his grace that the call was made so effectual. It was a wonder of his grace that he came to call sinners to repentance and to assure them of pardon. It was a wonder of his grace that he so patiently bore the contradiction of sinners against himself and his disciples. It was a wonder of his grace that he fixed the services of his disciples according to their strength and standing. The Lord trains up his people gradually for the trials allotted them; we should copy his example in dealing with the weak in faith or the tempted believer.

── Matthew HenryConcise Commentary on Luke

 

Luke 5

Verse 1

[1] And it came to pass that as the people pressed upon him to hear the word of God he stood by the lake of Gennesaret

Matthew 4:18; Mark 1:16.

Verse 6

[6] And when they had this done they inclosed a great multitude of fishes: and their net brake.

Their net brake — Began to tear.

Verse 8

[8] When Simon Peter saw it he fell down at Jesus' knees saying Depart from me; for I am a sinful man O Lord.

Depart from me for I am a sinful man — And therefore not worthy to be in thy presence.

Verse 11

[11] And when they had brought their ships to land they forsook all and followed him.

They forsook all and followed him — They had followed him before John 1:43 but not so as to forsake all. Till now they wrought at their ordinary calling.

Verse 12

[12] And it came to pass when he was in a certain city behold a man full of leprosy: who seeing Jesus fell on his face and besought him saying Lord if thou wilt thou canst make me clean.

Matthew 8:2; Mark 1:40.

Verse 14

[14] And he charged him to tell no man: but go and shew thyself to the priest and offer for thy cleansing according as Moses commanded for a testimony unto them.

Leviticus 14:2.

Verse 16

[16] And he withdrew himself into the wilderness and prayed.

He withdrew — The expression in the original implies that he did so frequently.

Verse 17

[17] And it came to pass on a certain day as he was teaching that there were Pharisees and doctors of the law sitting by which were come out of every town of Galilee and Judaea and Jerusalem: and the power of the Lord was present to heal them.

Sitting by — As being more honourable than the bulk of the congregation who stood.

And the power of the Lord was present to heal them — To heal the sickness of their souls as well as all bodily diseases.

Verse 18

[18] And behold men brought in a bed a man which was taken with a palsy: and they sought means to bring him in and to lay him before him.

Matthew 9:2; Mark 2:3.

Verse 19

[19] And when they could not find by what way they might bring him in because of the multitude they went upon the housetop and let him down through the tiling with his couch into the midst before Jesus.

Not being able to bring him in through the multitude they went round about by a back passage and going up the stairs on the outside they came upon the flat-roofed house and let him down through the trap door such as was on the top of most of the Jewish houses: doubtless with such circumspection as the circumstances plainly required.

Verse 26

[26] And they were all amazed and they glorified God and were filled with fear saying We have seen strange things to day.

We have seen strange things to. day — Sins forgiven miracles wrought.

Verse 27

[27] And after these things he went forth and saw a publican named Levi sitting at the receipt of custom: and he said unto him Follow me.

Matthew 9:9; Mark 2:14.

Verse 28

[28] And he left all rose up and followed him.

Leaving all — His business and gain.

Verse 29

[29] And Levi made him a great feast in his own house: and there was a great company of publicans and of others that sat down with them.

And Levi made him a great entertainment — It was necessarily great because of the great number of guests.

Verse 33

[33] And they said unto him Why do the disciples of John fast often and make prayers and likewise the disciples of the Pharisees; but thine eat and drink?

Make prayers — Long and solemn. Matthew 9:14; Mark 2:18.

Verse 34

[34] And he said unto them Can ye make the children of the bridechamber fast while the bridegroom is with them?

Can ye make — That is is it proper to make men fast and mourn during a festival solemnity?

Verse 36

[36] And he spake also a parable unto them; No man putteth a piece of a new garment upon an old; if otherwise then both the new maketh a rent and the piece that was taken out of the new agreeth not with the old.

He spake also a parable — Taken from clothes and wine; therefore peculiarly proper at a feast.

Verse 39

[39] No man also having drunk old wine straightway desireth new: for he saith The old is better.

And no man having drunk old wine — And beside men are not wont to be immediately freed from old prejudices.

── John ‘WesleyExplanatory Notes on Luke

 

Chapter 5. Missionary Training

Terminate the Past (Old Wine)
Begin the Future (New Wine)

I. Miracle of the First Catch

  1. Deep Water
  2. Observe the Lord's Word
  3. Fill Both Boats

II. Jesus Heals the Sick

  1. Clean Leprosy
  2. Forgive a Paralytic
  3. Pleased with Faith

III. Call Levi the Tax Collector

  1. Leave Everything
  2. Hold a Great Feast
  3. Eat and Drink with Them
── Chih-Hsin ChangAn Outline of The New Testament
                             

Followers and Fishers

1. A Night of Failure—toiled all the night taken nothing (v.5)

2. A Morning of Faith—at Thy Word I will let down the net (v.5)

3. A Day of Fullness—a great multitude of fishes (v.6)

4. A Lifetime of Fellowship—their partners—come and help them (v.7)

5. A Maxim for Fishers of Men—Launch out and Let down (v.4)