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Introduction to 2 Thessalonians

Summary of the Book of 2 Thessalonians

This summary of the book of 2 Thessalonians provides information about the title author(s) date of writing chronology theme theology outline a brief overview and the chapters of the Book of 2 Thessalonians.

Author Date and Place of Writing

Paul's authorship of 2 Thessalonians has been questioned more often than that of 1 Thessalonians in spite of the fact that it has more support from early Christian writers. Objections are based on internal factors rather than on the adequacy of the statements of the church fathers. It is thought that there are differences in the vocabulary (ten words not used elsewhere) in the style (it is said to be unexpectedly formal) and in the eschatology (the doctrine of the "man of lawlessness" is not taught elsewhere). However such arguments have not convinced current interpreters. A majority still hold to Paul's authorship of 2 Thessalonians.

Because of its similarity to 1 Thessalonians it must have been written not long after the first letter -- perhaps about six months. The situation in the church seems to have been much the same. Paul probably penned it (see 1:1; 3:17) c. a.d. 51 or 52 in Corinth after Silas and Timothy had returned from delivering 1 Thessalonians; see also Introduction to 1 Thessalonians).

Purpose

Inasmuch as the situation in the Thessalonian church has not changed substantially Paul's purpose in writing is very much the same as in his first letter to them. He writes (1) to encourage persecuted believers (1:4-10) (2) to correct a misunderstanding concerning the Lord's return (2:1-12) and (3) to exhort the Thessalonians to be steadfast and to work for a living (2:13 -- 3:15).

Theme

Like 1 Thessalonians this letter deals extensively with eschatology (see Introduction to 1 Thessalonians: Theme). In fact in 2 Thessalonians 18 out of 47 verses deal with this subject.

Outline

I. Introduction (ch. 1)

A. Greetings (1:1-2)

• Thanksgiving for Their Faith Love and Perseverance (1:3-10)
• Intercession for Their Spiritual Progress (1:11-12)

II. Instruction (ch. 2)

• Prophecy regarding the Day of the Lord (2:1-12)
• Thanksgiving for Their Election and Calling (Their Position) (2:13-15)
• Prayer for Their Service and Testimony (Their Practice) (2:16-17)

III. Injunctions (ch. 3)

• Call to Prayer (3:1-5)
• Charge to Discipline the Disorderly and Lazy (3:6-15)
• Conclusion Final Greetings and Benediction (3:16-18)

¢w¢w¡mNew International Version¡n

Introduction to 2 Thessalonians

The second epistle to the Thessalonians was written soon after the first. The apostle was told that from some expressions in his first letter many expected the second coming of Christ was at hand and that the day of judgment would arrive in their time. Some of these neglected their worldly duties. St. Paul wrote again to correct their error which hindered the spread of the gospel. He had written agreeably to the words of the prophets of the Old Testament; and he tells them there were many counsels of the Most High yet to be fulfilled before that day of the Lord should come though because it is sure he had spoken of it as near. The subject led to a remarkable foretelling of some of the future events which were to take place in the after-ages of the Christian church and which show the prophetic spirit the apostle possessed.

¢w¢w Matthew Henry¡mConcise Commentary on 2 Thessalonians¡n

 
2 Thessalonians General Review
 
AUTHOR: The apostle Paul
joined in his salutation by Silvanus and
Timothy (1:1)
and with a reference to his own signature at the end of
the epistle (3:17). Early sources in church history that attribute
this letter to Paul include: Clement of Alexandria (200 A.D.)

Tertullian (200 A.D.)
and Irenaeus (200 A.D.).
 
THE CITY OF THESSALONICA: It was the capital and largest city of the
Roman province of Macedonia. Located on the Egnatian Way
a major road
from Rome to the eastern provinces
the city served as center of trade
and commerce. Today
it is known as Thessaloniki
or Salonica.
 
THE CHURCH AT THESSALONICA: The establishment of the church is 
recorded in Ac 17:1-9. On his second missionary journey
Paul and his
companions (Silas and Timothy) had just left Philippi and passed
through Amphipolis and Apollonia to arrive at Thessalonica. As was his
custom
Paul immediately located the synagogue and reasoned with the
Jews for three Sabbaths concerning Jesus Christ. While some of them
were persuaded
including a great number of devout Greeks and leading
women
the unbelieving Jews became jealous and created an uproar in the
city. Therefore it became necessary to send Paul and Silas away
secretly by night to Berea.
 
Despite such ominous beginnings
a strong church was established in
Thessalonica (cf. 1:2-10). Mostly Gentile (cf. 1:9)
its members
included Jason (Ac 17:9)
Aristarchus
and Secundus (Ac 20:4). It had
already been the recipient of an earlier letter (First Thessalonians).
 
TIME AND PLACE OF WRITING: Second Thessalonians appears to have been
written just a few months
possibly a year
after First Thessalonians.
This would place the writing of the epistle during Paul's extended stay
at Corinth on his second missionary journey (cf. Ac 18:1-11)
sometime 
around 53 A.D.
 
PURPOSE OF THE EPISTLE: The first epistle to the Thessalonians had 
been written in response to news brought back by Timothy who had made a
quick trip there while Paul was in Athens (cf. 1 Th 3:1-3
6).
Encouraged by their steadfastness in the face of persecution
Paul had
exhorted them to holiness in view of the Lord's coming (cf. 1 Th 
3:12-13; 5:23).
 
From the second letter
it appears that they remained strong in the 
Lord despite persecution (cf. 1:3-4). But it is apparent from this
letter that misunderstanding about the Lord's coming was present in the
church. Some of the members were being troubled by false reports (cf.
2:1-2); others had stopped working
perhaps assuming that the Lord's 
imminent return meant one did not need to work anymore (cf. 3:11-12).
 
Paul's purpose in writing this epistle
therefore
is three-fold:
 
 * To encourage them in their steadfastness under persecution
 
 * To correct their misunderstanding about the imminence of the 
 Lord's return
 
 * To instruct the congregation on what disciplinary action to take
 toward those who refused to work
 
THEME OF THE EPISTLE: In correcting their misunderstanding about the
return of Christ
Paul explains that the Lord will not come right away
(cf. 2:1-3). Therefore they need to continue with steadfastness and
patience for which they had been commended. A suggested theme of this
epistle might therefore be:
 
 "STEADFASTNESS WHILE WAITING FOR THE COMING OF CHRIST"
 
KEY VERSES: 2 Thessalonians 2:15-17
 
 "Therefore
brethren
stand fast and hold the traditions which you
 were taught
whether by word or our epistle. Now may our Lord Jesus
 Christ Himself
and our God and Father
who has loved us and given
 us everlasting consolation and good hope by grace
comfort your
 hearts and establish you in every good word and work."
 
OUTLINE:
 
INTRODUCTION (1:1-2)
 1. Salutation (1)
 2. Greetings (2)
 
I. ENCOURAGEMENT IN PERSECUTIONS (1:3-12)
 
 A. THANKFUL FOR THEIR SPIRITUAL GROWTH (1:3-4)
 1. Thanking God for their growing faith and abounding love (1:3)
 2. Boasting to others of their patience and faith in all their
 persecutions (1:4)
 
 B. ENCOURAGEMENT IN TRIALS IN VIEW OF THE LORD'S RETURN (1:5-10)
 1. Suffering will make them worthy of the kingdom of God (1:5)
 2. God will repay those who trouble them (1:6)
 3. This will occur when Jesus is revealed from heaven (1:7-10)
 
 C. HIS PRAYER FOR THEM (1:11-12)
  1. That God would count them worthy of their calling (1:11a)
 2. That God would fulfill all the good pleasure of His goodness
 and the work of faith with power (1:11b)
 3. That the name of Jesus might be glorified in them
and they in
 Him
according to the grace of God and Christ (1:12)
 
II. ENLIGHTENMENT ABOUT THE COMING OF THE LORD (2:1-17)
 
 A. DO NOT BE TROUBLED (2:1-2)
 1. Concerning the coming of the Lord and our gathering to Him
 (2:1)
 2. By false reports
as though the day had come (2:2)
 
 B. THE APOSTASY MUST COME FIRST (2:3-12)
 1. A falling away must occur
and the man of sin revealed (2:3-5)
 2. The man of sin is being restrained
though the mystery of
 lawlessness is already at work (2:6-7)
 3. When the lawless one is revealed
the Lord will destroy him 
 with His coming (2:8)
 4. The coming of the lawless one is according to the working of
 Satan
and will mislead those who do not have a love for the 
 truth (2:9-12)
 
 C. STEADFASTNESS ENCOURAGED (2:13-17)
 1. Thankful to God for their election through sanctification by
 the Spirit and belief in truth
having been called by the 
 gospel to obtain glory (2:13-14)
 2. A call to stand fast and hold to the traditions taught by word
 or epistle (2:15)
 3. Prayer for their comfort and establishment in every good word
 and work (2:16-17)
 
III. EXHORTATIONS TO CHRISTIAN LIVING (3:1-15)
 
 A. A REQUEST FOR PRAYER
AND A PRAYER FOR THEM (3:1-5)
 1. Asking them to pray that the word of the Lord might have free
 course
and he be delivered from evil men (1-2)
 2. Expressions of confidence in the Lord
and in their obedience
 (3-4)
 3. Praying that the Lord will direct their hearts into the love 
 of God and patience of Christ (3:5)
 
 B. A CHARGE TO DISCIPLINE THE DISORDERLY (3:6-15)
 1. To withdraw from those who do not follow apostolic tradition
 and example (3:6-9)
 2. Especially those who will not work (3:10-12)
 3. Don't grow weary in doing good
and avoid those who do not 
 obey the words of the epistle (3:13-15)
 
CONCLUDING REMARKS (3:16-18)
 1. A prayer that the Lord bless them with His peace and presence
 (3:16)
 2. A confirmation of his authorship of this epistle (3:17)
 3. A benediction of grace from the Lord Jesus Christ (3:18)
 
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE INTRODUCTION
 
1) On which missionary journey was the church at Thessalonica 
 established?
 - Paul's second missionary journey
 
2) Where can we read about the establishment of the church at 
 Thessalonica?
 - Ac 17:1-9
 
3) What two letters were written to this congregation?
 - 1st and 2nd Thessalonians
 
4) From where and when did Paul write 2nd Thessalonians?
 - From Corinth
sometime around 53 A.D.
 
5) What length of time had passed between the writing of the two 
 epistles?
 - A few months
maybe a year
 
6) Why did Paul write 2nd Thessalonians (see Purpose Of The Epistle)?
 - To encourage them in their steadfastness under persecution
 - To correct their misunderstanding about the imminence of the 
 Lord's return
 - To instruct the congregation on what disciplinary action to take 
 toward those who refused to work
 
7) What has been suggested as the theme of this epistle?
 - Steadfastness while waiting for the coming of Christ
 
8) What are the key verses of this epistle?
 - 2 Th 2:15-17
 
9) According to the outline above
what are the three main sections of
 this epistle?
 - Encouragement in persecutions (chapter 1)
 - Enlightenment about the coming of the Lord (chapter 2)
 - Exhortations to Christian living (chapter 3)

¡Ð¡Ð¡mExecutable Outlines¡n