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Hebrews Chapter Two

 

I. Content of the Chapter

 

Christ is the Son of Man Who is More Excellent than the Angels

A.  What is spoken by the Lord is more excellent than the word spoken through angels (v.1-4).

1.  We must give the more earnest heed to the things we have heard (v.1).

2.  If we ignore such a great salvation we will be unable to escape (v.2-3a).

3.  The divine Trinity has confirmed this salvation by those who are of Him (v.3b-4).

B.  Christ has become the Son of Man whose accomplishment is more excellent than the angels (v.5-18).

1.  Jesus who was made a little lower than the angels had tasted death for everyone (v.5-9).

2.  In order to bring many sons to glory and recover their relationship with God (v.10-13);

3.  In order to destroy the devil and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage (v.14-15);

4.  In order to give aid to the seed of Abraham in all things He had to be made like His brethren (v.16-18).

 

II. Verse by Verse commentary

 

Heb. 2:1 “Therefore we must give the more earnest heed to the things we have heard lest we drift away.”

YLT: “Because of this it behoveth more abundantly to take heed to the things heard lest we may glide aside ”

Meaning of Words: more earnest”: more abundantly;lest”: so as not to;drift away”: let slip flow by carelessly pass;

Literal Meaning:therefore” it continues from the preceding paragraph indicating that the following word is based from chapter one.

  The first warning and exhortation of this book is inserted in the first four verses of this chapter.

“We must give the more earnest heed to the things we have heard give the more earnest heed to”: shall be especially paid attention to; “the things we have heard” it indicates the Son of God speaks to us directly and indirectly (see 1:2) including the words that He has spoken to us through the Scriptures and preachers. They mainly refer to the truth of the salvation (see v.3) including the right knowledge about the persons of the holy Trinity and Christ’s redemption work.

“Lest we drift away” “lest”: if it is ignored there will be bad result; “drift away” drift away from the right direction unconsciously or slip away without attaining the goal or leak away what is obtained;

There are two aspects of meaning: 1) we will suffer loss (see v.2); 2) we shall not fully enjoy “the great salvation” (see v.3).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    God reveals the truth of the salvation to us to not only understand but also keep it within whole heart and respond to it.

2)    Our heart and attitude toward the truth affect our condition of being favored. Our spiritual condition before God is decided by whether we have given the more earnest heed to the truth we have heard.

3)    Various tides in the world draw and occupy men’s hearts so that men have unconsciously clung to the tendency of the tide and have been taken away from God and have drifted away thus causing serious consequences.

4)    In the spiritual way either one goes forward or he will be left behind. If we do not press on we must lag behind without remaining where we are. 

5)    If we Christians do not protect the grace we have obtained by heart it may be drifted away and lost. Only those who keep the grace with whole heart are able to receive the perfect grace of God.

 

Heb. 2:2 “For if the word spoken through angels proved steadfast and every transgression and disobedience received a just reward ”

YLT: “for if the word being spoken through messengers did become stedfast and every transgression and disobedience did receive a just recompense ”

Meaning of Words: transgression”: violation breaking;disobedience”: inattention; “reward”: recompense of reward requital;

Literal Meaning: “if the word spoken through the angels proved steadfast” “the word spoken through the angels” refers to the law (Acts. 7:53; Deut. 33:2 “the myriads of the sanctuary”) namely the Old Testament; “steadfast”: undoubtedly;

  “And every transgression and disobedience received a just reward” “transgression”: do what is not supposed to do (positive aspect) disobey the law and surpass its bound; “disobedience”: not do what is supposed to do (passive aspect) ignore the teaching of the law and refuse to obey the law; “reward”: be recompensed;

  In the past if the people of Israel in the Old Testament had gone against the law that God had preached by the angels they would be punished by God (see Lev. 10:1-2; 24:10-23; Num. 14:32-37; 16:25-35).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The teaching of the truth is for the purpose of letting those who have heard understand and keep. If believers are not subject to the will that God has revealed it is disobedience as well as transgression.

2)    Christians shall not keep a neutral attitude in spiritual things. Those who look on indifferently have not been up to the required standard.

 

Heb. 2:3 “how shall we escape if we neglect so great a salvation which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord and was confirmed to us by those who heard Him ”

YLT: “how shall we escape having neglected so great salvation? which a beginning receiving -- to be spoken through the Lord -- by those having heard was confirmed to us ”

Meaning of Words: so great”: so vast so mighty; escape”: flee out; confirm”: make sure establish;

Literal Meaning: “if we neglect so great a salvation “salvation” refers to the perfect salvation that we believers shall inherit (see 1:14) including the salvation that we have obtained and are obtaining and will obtain (see 2Cor. 1:10): 1) the salvation that we have obtained ---- the remission of sins and the eternal life; 2) the salvation that we are receiving ---- the enjoyment of the good and rest of Christ’s life; 3) the salvation that we will obtain ---- the inheritance of the kingdom and glory;

  “So great a salvation it describes the fullness and greatness of the salvation ---- the greatness of not only the content and nature of the salvation but also the origin and doer because: 1) the salvation originates from the will of God; 2) the salvation is fulfilled and preached by Christ; 3) the salvation is confirmed by the Spirit (see v.3-4). The holy Trinity has part in this salvation so it is called “so great a salvation”.

  Note that here “neglect” is opposite to “so great”. According to the common response of men they may neglect trivial matters but pay attention to great things. However it is uncommon that such a great salvation can be ignored.

How shall we escape” “escape”: be rewarded (see v.2) namely pay the cost; such cost means that one may lose the enjoyment of the good and rest of Christ’s life in this lifetime as well as the inheritance of the kingdom and glory in the future that is to say one is unable to reign with Christ.

“Which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord be spoken by the Lord” are in contrast to “the word spoken through angels”. It is sin that one transgresses of the word spoken through angels let alone ignore the salvation spoken by the Lord. And the consequences will be more ghastly to contemplate.

“And was confirmed to us by those who heard Him” it suggests that the author and receiver of the Epistle to the Hebrews had never personally heard the word that the Lord preached on the earth but had heard the report of His disciples (those who had heard) to them (see 2Pet. 1:16; 1John 1:1).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    Our danger does not lie in the denial of the effect of salvation but the “neglect” of it ---- walk unworthy of the calling we have been called (see Eph. 4:1).

2)    The salvation is gifted by God. He who neglects the salvation does not honor the God who grants the gift.

3)    The salvation that the Lord shall reward those who believe Him is “such a great salvation”. We are unable to enjoy them all with our whole lifetime.

4)    The greater grace we have received the more duties we will have to perform. We shall not receive His grace in vain (2Cor. 6:1).

5)    If man has really known of the full glory and greatness of salvation he will naturally be drawn near and sell all whatever he has with joy and buy such a pearl of great value (see Matt. 13:45-46).

6)    The gospel of salvation delivers the receivers from sins. However those who neglect the gospel of salvation can not escape.

7)    Sin is a kind of bondage which makes men lead an enslaved life. If one neglects the salvation he cannot escape from sins and will be bound by sins. On the contrary if man gives the more earnest heed to the truth of salvation (see v.1) he will be free and be a true man.

8)    Though we that are born in the last days have no chance to hear the Lord’s word personally in the days of His flesh we are still able to hear His word spoken to us in the Spirit through the Scriptures or the saints (see 2Pet. 1:21).

9)    We shall cut in a straight line (2Tim. 2:15) the word in the Scriptures without misinterpretation. And we shall not despise but judge the word of preachers or others (1Thess. 5:20-22; 1Cor. 14:29; Acts 17:11).

 

Heb. 2:4 “God also bearing witness both with signs and wonders with various miracles and gifts of the Holy Spirit according to His own will?”

YLT: “God also bearing joint-witness both with signs and wonders and manifold powers and distributions of the Holy Spirit according to His will.”

Meaning of Words: signs”: token;wonders”: wonderful and amazing things;various”: manifold all;miracles”: power strength mighty work;gifts”: distribution separation;

Literal Meaning: “God according to His own will” things that are mentioned as follows are according to the will of God instead of man’s purposeful arrangement.

  “With signs and wonders with various miracles” the meanings of the three words are similar to one another ---- all of them refer to the works of God with different emphases respectively. “Sign” emphasizes that it is out of God’s “hand”; “wonder” emphasizes that “the thing” itself is wonderful; “various miracles” emphasize the “power” is uncommon.

  “Gifts of the Holy Spirit” it refers to the spiritual functions manifested in someone after he has received the Spirit. The Spirit divides the spiritual functions to each in particular as he pleases (see 1Cor. 12:4-11).

  “Bearing witness both” it indicates that signs and wonders and various miracles are for the purpose of helping those who preach the Lord’s words to bear witness and prove their preachment is out of God.

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    Signs and wonders and various miracles and gifts are given according to the will of God and they cannot be done by any spiritual man according as he pleases. Therefore if anyone thinks he has special spiritual gift and thus holds spiritual conference and work signs and wonders before the public very possibly it is false.

2)    God is the “doer” of signs and wonders and various miracles and gifts. Once He moves His fingers it is signs and wonders. If He does not work all that men have done by hands are oddities with no profit.

3)    The main function and purpose of signs and wonders and various miracles and gifts are bearing witness to God so as to make those who have seen and heard believe and obey God rather than worship men which are opposed to the Charismatic Movement today. Some of them hold gain to be piety (1Tim. 6:5).

4)    No matter the Lord speaks to man’s spirit personally or proves by those who have heard Him (see v.3) God must beat witness by the Spirit to all the words of the Lord. That’s why we shall not ignore them.

 

Heb. 2:5 “For He has not put the world to come of which we speak in subjection to angels.”

YLT: “For not to messengers did He subject the coming world concerning which we speak ”

Meaning of Words: the world”: the habitable world;

Literal Meaning: “the world to come”: the world that will become the kingdom of Christ in the coming age (Rev. 11:15).

  “He has not put … of which we speak in subjection to angels” here it shows that the “world” mentioned here does not refer to the world before us at present because the present world is delivered to the archangel (see Luke 4:5-6). Satan (who was the archangel originally) has now still occupied this world (see John 12:31; 1John 5:19).

  “The world to come” God puts the world to come in subjection to men who are a little lower than the angels namely we who have received such a great salvation by faith and will reign with Christ (2Tim. 2:12; Rev. 22:5).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    When man was created the will of God was making man retake the ruling power of the world from the hand of Satan (see Gen. 1:26-27). However because of man’s being deceived and corruption he cannot accomplish the will of God. Therefore it shall be fulfilled by Christ (see v.6-10).

2)    Our hope does not lie in the present world but the coming world. The world is passing and its lust but he that does the will of God abides for eternity (1John 2:17).

3)    And be not conformed to this world but be transformed by the renewing of mind that you may prove what the good and acceptable and perfect will of God (Rom. 12:2).

4)    We believers shall pray to hasten the fulfillment of the coming world: “let your kingdom come let your will be done as in heaven as upon the earth” (Matt. 6:10).

 

Heb. 2:6 “But one testified in a certain place saying: "What is man that You are mindful of him Or the son of man that You take care of him?”

YLT: “and one in a certain place did testify fully saying `What is man that Thou art mindful of him or a son of man that Thou dost look after him?”

Meaning of Words: mindful”: remember; “take care of”: observe look out go to see;

Literal Meaning:but one testified in a certain place saying in a certain place”: the three verses from verse six to eight are quoted from the Book of Psalm (8:4-6); “testify”: the scriptures manifest the will of God’s creation of man ---- have dominion over all the creation of God (see Gen. 1:26 28). However since the first Adam has fallen and been corrupted we do not yet see all things put under him (see v.8). The will of God on man shall be accomplished by the last Adam ---- Christ Jesus. Besides He shall make those who have believed His salvation have dominion over all things. The following word is prophesying how the will of God upon man is fulfilled.

What is man that You are mindful of him Or the son of man that You take care of him?” It indicates that man is truly unworthy of God’s special care according to the feeble nature. However God has actually lifted men higher than the angels

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    Either man highly lifts himself or he will underestimate himself. However both are not proper attitudes for Christians.

2)    Truly we are nothing according to our own nature and strength. However we own coming glory according to God’s will and arrangement upon us. Let us turn our eyes from the present age to the future and from ourselves to Him and from the external to the internal ---- Christ has become the hope of glory in us (Col. 1:27).

 

Heb. 2:7 “You have made him a little lower than the angels; You have crowned him with glory and honor And set him over the works of Your hands.”

YLT: “Thou didst make him some little less than messengers with glory and honour Thou didst crown him and didst set him over the works of Thy hands ”

Literal Meaning: “You have made him a little lower than the angels” “him” refers to man; “little”: man is indeed little than the spiritual angels according to the physical form and infinite power in the flesh.

You have crowned him with glory and honor this verse describes the condition that those who believe the Lord shall attain to. “Glory”: the beauty and glory radiated from the connotation. “Honor” it puts emphasis on the glory the position has manifested. “Crowned”: God’s reward for man.

And set him over the works of Your hands.” “set over… Your hands”: it is the word of your hands namely all things; “set him over”: it points that we shall sit on the throne with Christ and have dominion over all things;

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    Our estimation of man’s value shall not be according to his present condition but his future. Therefore for the sake of Christ the Scriptures teach us not to be with respect of persona (James 2:1).

2)     Though man’s physical shape is inferior to the angels he has more glorious and honorable future than the angels for man was created according to man’s form and was enabled to have part in the divine life and disposition. In the end we shall be like Him (1John 3:2) and sit on the throne with Him and have dominion over all things.

 

Heb. 2:8 “You have put all things in subjection under his feet." For in that He put all in subjection under him He left nothing that is not put under him. But now we do not yet see all things put under him.”

YLT: “all things Thou didst put in subjection under his feet ' for in the subjecting to him the all things nothing did He leave to him unsubjected and now not yet do we see the all things subjected to him ”

Literal Meaning: put all things in subjection under his feet” it continues above verse; “in subjection under his feet”: be subject to the domination;

  For in that He put all in subjection under him He left nothing that is not put under him” “all”: all the creation. This verse indicates that every created being should be subject to men in normal condition since God has ordained that all shall be put in subjection under him.

But now we do not yet see all things put under him” “now”: the world manifested before us; “we do not yet see” it means that the above-mentioned prophecy has not been fulfilled.

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    All things shall be put in subjection under our feet. Though we may fall into difficulty today if we trust in God wholly we will surpass the environment and lead a victorious life.

2)    “We do not yet see” though we cannot see the promise of God by our physical eyes if we see by the eyes of faith we shall see from afar off and run the race that lies before us (Heb. 11:13).

 

Heb. 2:9 “But we see Jesus who was made a little lower than the angels for the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor that He by the grace of God might taste death for everyone.”

YLT: “and him who was made some little less than messengers we see -- Jesus -- because of the suffering of the death with glory and honour having been crowned that by the grace of God for every one he might taste of death.”

Literal Meaning:but we see Jesus who was made a little lower than the angels “but” it leads to the following word utterly opposite to the former word ---- though man had failed only the Lord Jesus on the status of man had fulfilled the preordained will of God on man. “Jesus who was made a little lower than the angels”: Jesus in the flesh;

“For the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor “the suffering of death” it refers to the suffering of shedding blood on the cross including the suffering of being rejected by God temporarily (see Matt. 27:46). “With honor” it refers to his honorable position after His resurrection and ascension; “glory”: the divine and human glory He has manifested through resurrection; “crown” it refers to his being accepted by God. 

“That He by the grace of God might taste death for everyone” “everyone”: not only all men in the world but also all the creation in the original; “taste the death for everyone”: the redemption He has accomplished has reconciled all things to God (see Col. 1:20).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    What man has failed to fulfill has been accomplished in the Lord Jesus who is in the flesh. He has pointed out the only way for we believers to glory and honor ---- empty himself and take a bondman’s form and be humble and obedient even the death of the cross (Phil. 2:7-8).

2)    What the Lord Jesus has accomplished in humanity has made us who are little lower than the angels able to attain to it in like manner. The divinity of the Lord Jesus has guaranteed us to be glorified with Him. Therefore we shall seek the growth in life more and let Him fill us more.

3)    He who humbles first shall be lifted up afterwards. He who had dead first shall be glorified then. This is the spiritual principle ordained by God. If we desire to be glorified with Him we shall firstly suffer with Him first (see Rom. 8:17).

4)    It is not an easy matter of “tasting the death”. We cannot do it through our own will and strength. Therefore we need abundant “grace” of God to dwell upon me (see 2Cor. 12:9).

5)    What you sow is not quickened unless it die (1Cor. 15:36). We who live are always delivered unto death on account of Jesus that the life also of Jesus may be manifested in our mortal flesh (2Cor. 4:11).

 

Heb. 2:10 “For it was fitting for Him for whom are all things and by whom are all things in bringing many sons to glory to make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings.”

YLT: “For it was becoming to Him because of whom the all things and through whom the all things many sons to glory bringing the author of their salvation through sufferings to make perfect ”

Meaning of Words: captain”: author prince chief leader;perfect”: complete consummate;fitting”: comely;

Literal Meaning: “for whom are all things and by whom are all things here it refers to God who created all things; and all things are created for God (Rev. 4:11). Therefore all things in the universe are of Him. All things are of Him (Rom. 11:36; 2Cor. 8:6) and He is the originator of all things.

“In bringing many sons to glory many sons”: all those who have become the sons of God because of faith throughout the past generations (Rom. 8:14-16); “to glory”: be with God forever in the glory of God’s manifestation (see Col. 3:4; 1Cor. 2:7; 1Thess. 2:12).

“To make the captain of their salvation” “the captain of their salvation” refers Jesus Christ who is the author (see Heb. 12:2) and forerunner (see Heb. 6:20) of our salvation. He has not only fulfilled the salvation for us but also led us to attain to the ultimate goal of the salvation perfectly.

“For it was fitting for Himperfect through sufferings”perfect” it does not mean that his nature and character are imperfect and will become perfect through sufferings but means that suffering makes his life experience complete and perfect (see v.18). “It was fitting” since he had such experience he was fitting to be our captain of the salvation and lead us into glory. 

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    He is the one “for whom are all things and by whom are all things”. We live for Him and by Him. All that we are and we have are supposed to be for Him and by Him.

2)    He is the one “for whom are all things”. The whole man of us ---- mind thoughts words and actions ---- shall be for Him. All that we have ---- family money talent and position ---- shall also be for Him.

3)    He is also the one “by whom are all things”. We can do nothing without Him (John 15:5) so we shall rely on Him in everything.

4)    Anyone shall firstly become the child of God before entering into glory for the glorious presence of God is prepared for His own children.

5)    In order to become the captain of the salvation of God’s children and lead them into glory the Lord Jesus alone has firstly suffered and become perfect. Though many tribulations we those who follow Him must enter into the kingdom of God (Acts 14:22).

6)    The Lord Jesus is the captain of our salvation. He has personally walked the way on which He shall also lead us to walk. Therefore He is clear about the situations on the way and has made full preparations for us. We will surely reach the destination as long as we follow after Him.

7)    Since He is the captain He will take our full responsibilities and resolve all the difficulties of those who follow Him and provide all that we need. However we shall utterly obey the commands of the captain in faith and often appropriate His provision through prayers.

 

Heb. 2:11 “For both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one for which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren ”

YLT: “for both he who is sanctifying and those sanctified all of one for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren ”

Literal Meaning:for both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified” “He who sanctifies”: Jesus Christ who makes believers sanctified by Him (see Heb. 10:10); those who are being sanctified”: we believers; he delivers us for the purpose separating us from the world and unto God (see John 17:14-19).

“Are all of one “one” refers to God the Father; the Lord and us are of the same God the Father in resurrection (see Heb. 1:5; 1Pet. 1:3).

“For which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren”He call them brethren” the Lord Jesus called His disciples brothers after His resurrection (Matt. 28:10; John 20:17); “not ashamed”: it is natural and justified;

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The salvation of the Lord Jesus will make us “sanctified” wholly (1Thess. 5:23).

2)    We believers’ sanctification does not lie in our own strength but in the one “who sanctifies” namely the Lord in whom we trust.

3)    Since the Lord and are of one how he sanctifies himself we shall also be sanctified in like manner (John 17:19).

4)    Though our condition is low He is not even ashamed to call us brethren. Today we shall confess Him and bear witness to Him before men so that He shall also confess us and bear witness to us before the Father in the heavens in the future (see Matt. 10:32-33).

 

Heb. 2:12 “saying: "I will declare Your name to My brethren; In the midst of the assembly I will sing praise to You."”

YLT: “saying `I will declare Thy name to my brethren in the midst of an assembly I will sing praise to Thee;' and again `I will be trusting on Him;'”

Literal Meaning: “saying the word in this verse is quoted from the Book of Psalm (22:22).

"I will declare Your name to My brethren” “Your name” refers to the name of the Father; name represents the being of God the Father; therefore the declaration of the Father is the revelation of God the Father to all the brethren.

After the Lord’s resurrection He had especially mentioned “ascending to my Father and your Father and my God and your God” (John 20:17).

In the midst of the assembly I will sing praise to You”. “In the midst of the assembly”: in the gathering of believers namely in the church; and the assembly here especially refers to the assembly of the firstborn registered in heaven (Heb. 12:22-23). “Praise you”: praise and worship God;

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The works of Christ in the church not only bring God to us to let us know more about God but also bring us to God and give glory to God.

2)    Our true worship toward God is according to true knowledge about God. And knowledge is before worship.

 

Heb. 2:13 “And again: "I will put My trust in Him." And again: "Here am I and the children whom God has given Me."”

YLT: “and again `Behold I and the children that God did give to me.'”

Literal Meaning:and again” the following word is quoted from the Book of Isaiah (12:2).

"I will put My trust in Him." It indicates that we shall trust in Him. This is the declaration of the risen Lord that He always trusted in God the Father when he was incarnated and still trusts in God on the way of leading many sons into glory.

And again” the following word is quoted from the Book of Isaiah (8:18).

"Here this is a victorious declaration to all in a joyful tone.

“Am I and the children whom God has given Me."” This is the display of the victory before all. We are the testimony of His victory.

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    Even the risen Lord needs to trust in God to lead us let alone we believers!

2)    Both the initiation and fulfillment are of God. No matter to what degree we have attained we need always trust in Him.

 

Heb. 2:14 “Inasmuch then as the children have partaken of flesh and blood He Himself likewise shared in the same that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death that is the devil ”

YLT: “Seeing then the children have partaken of flesh and blood he himself also in like manner did take part of the same that through death he might destroy him having the power of death -- that is the devil --”

Meaning of Words: have partaken of”: be partaker distribute communicate; shared”: participate pertain take part; destroy”:; annul abolish do away become of no effect fail;

Literal Meaning:inasmuch then as the children have partaken of flesh and blood He Himself likewise shared in the same children” those whom God has given to the Lord Jesus are the children of God who are preordained to be saved by God (see v.13); “flesh and blood”: the physical body of man; “have partaken of flesh and blood” it indicates that He has put on the physical body of man.

  If Christ has not shared in the same flesh and blood of himself he will not die nor accomplish the redemption. Therefore it is necessary of Him to put on the man’s physical body.

“That through death He might destroy him who had the power of death that is the devil”had the power of death”: have the power of darkness of death which is also called “the power (or gates) of hell” (see Matt. 16:18); “destroy him who had the power of death” it indicates that he has crushed the head of the devil (see Gen. 3:15; 1John 3:8) and take the keys of death and hades (Rev. 1:18) through the death on the cross. Finally death and hades have no use and are only cast into the lake of fire with the devil (Rev. 20:10 14).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The Lord Jesus has partaken of flesh and blood and thus becomes a living man for the purpose of going through death and destroying the power of death. It is so amazing that the Lord died in his physical life and yet has fulfilled the purpose of God through death.

2)    The destruction of Satan had been declared on Golgotha and Christ will finally destroy it.

 

Heb. 2:15 “and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.”

YLT: “and might deliver those whoever with fear of death throughout all their life were subjects of bondage ”

Meaning of Words: release”: deliver set free;

Literal Meaning: fear of death” it refers to the fear of the power behind darkness not the fear of death itself (he who commits suicide fears life not death).

  The function of Christ’s cross has not only cleaned our sins but also dealt with our sin through crucifying our old man with Christ on the cross so that we are set free instead of being bondmen of sin (Luke 4:18; Gal. 5:1).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    “Fear of death” is the common difficult of men. Even some Christians may also fear when they are faced with the threat of “aging disease and death”. Only those who trust in Him with whole heart will enjoy true rest.

2)    We believers’ attitude toward death is the touchstone of whether we have value in our lifetime. He who fears death lives for himself so he has no value of life. He who does not fear death lives for others so his lifetime is valuable (see Phil. 1:21-24).

 

Heb. 2:16 “For indeed He does not give aid to angels but He does give aid to the seed of Abraham.”

YLT: “for doubtless of messengers it doth not lay hold but of seed of Abraham it layeth hold ”

Meaning of Words: give aid to”: hold take keep;

Literal Meaning: He does not give aid to angels it indicates that the salvation of the cross has nothing to do with the angels and the fallen angels will never be forgiven (see 2Pet. 2:4).

“But He does give aid to the seed of Abraham” there are two aspects of meaning of “the seed of Abraham”: 1) Israel the selected servant of God (see Is. 41:8-9); 2) those who walk in the step of the faith (Rom. 4:12-13; see John 8:39).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    It is the key verse of denying those who believe “the Universal Salvation” ---- they believe that all created beings will be saved in the coming eternity including the fallen angels. However if the Lord Jesus did not give aid to the angels or men in the world how could they be saved?

2)    The salvation of Christ only comes upon those who are on the principle of faith ---- these are Abraham's sons (Gal. 3:7).

 

Heb. 2:17 “Therefore in all things He had to be made like His brethren that He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things pertaining to God to make propitiation for the sins of the people.”

YLT: “wherefore it did behove him in all things to be made like to the brethren that he might become a kind and stedfast chief-priest in the things with God to make propitiation for the sins of the people ”

Meaning of Words: make propitiation”: make expiation make reconciliation for make atonement for;

Literal Meaning:therefore in all things He had to be made like His brethren “all things”: all experiences and feelings of a man except for sins (see Heb. 4:15);

“That He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things pertaining to God merciful”: have sympathy for; “faithful”: faithfulness toward God; “High Priest”: his duty is to be the mediator between God and men (see Heb. 7:22; 8:6).

“To make propitiation for the sins of the people” the chief work of the High Priest is making propitiation for the sins of the people (see Heb. 7:27) and put away our sins (Heb. 9:26) so that we shall be accepted by God (Heb. 10:21-22).

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The humanity of Christ cannot be separated from His works. If Christ has not been made like His brethren he will be unable to stand in the position of sinners to make atonement for men’s sins.

2)    He is the merciful High Priest for He not only makes propitiation for our sins but also makes intercessions for us before God (see Heb. 7:25). He is the faithful High Priest for He is utterly in God’s business (see Luke 2:48).

 

Heb. 2:18 “For in that He Himself has suffered being tempted He is able to aid those who are tempted.”

YLT: “for in that he suffered himself being tempted he is able to help those who are tempted.”

Meaning of Words: aid”: help relieve;

Literal Meaning:for in that He Himself has suffered being tempted it indicates that the Lord had been temped by the devil in his flesh and suffered the afflictions caused by the temptations.

He is able to aid those who are tempted” “aid” it the original it means that a mother comes to her baby at a trot to take care of him as soon as she hears the crying of the baby.

Enlightenment in the Word:

1)    The Lord Jesus had been tempted and more than conquerors (see Matt. 4:1-11). Therefore He is able to aid those who are tempted.

2)    When we are fallen into temptations and sufferings we shall remember that the Lord Jesus had also been tempted. Therefore he is able to understand us and sympathize with us and be merciful to us ---- he knows how to meet our need.  

 

III. Outlines of the Spiritual Lessons

 

So Great a Salvation

A.   Those who inherit the salvation are so great (see 1:14);

B.   The Lord who preaches and fulfills the salvation is so great (v.4);

C.   The proof of the salvation is so great (v.3-4);

D.   The glory that the salvation makes us inherit is so great (v.5-10);

 

So Great a Salvation

A.   The origin is great ---- the salvation fulfilled by the holy Trinity (v.3-4);

B.   The sacrifice is great ---- the suffering of death (v.9a);

C.   The sphere is great ---- taste death for everyone (v.9b);

D.   The effect is great ---- sanctify (v.11) release (v.15) and aid those who are tempted (v.18);

 

The Eternal Counsel that God Had Preordained Concerning Man Has Been Fulfilled on the Human Jesus

A.   God’s glorious counsel concerning man:

1.    God has especially chosen man to be His vessel in all things (v.6);

2.    God has chosen man to be the manifestation of His infinite glory (v.7a);

3.    God has chosen man to be His great ruler (v.7b);

4.    God has chosen man to be the heir of all things (v.5);

5.    God will raise men and put all in subjection under him (v.8);

B.   A glorious vision ---- Jesus has perfectly fulfilled the glorious future of man (v.9a):

1.    Jesus has been crowned with glory and honor.

2.    Jesus comes to be man to fulfill the glorious future of man.

3.    The way of victory is to look upon Jesus who is in glory.

C.   The cross is the only way that Jesus has fulfilled the glorious prospect of man:

1.    The suffering of the cross crowned Jesus glory and honor (v.9b).

2.    The suffering of the cross is a kind of all-inclusive death ---- the great effect of the atonement of the cross.

3.    The suffering of the cross made Jesus perfect (v.10).

 

What is Man that You Are Mindful of Him?

A.   Man is a little lower than the angels (v.6-7a).

B.   Man is subject to bondage through fear of death (v.15);

C.   Man suffers because of temptation (v.18);

D.   Man has been sanctified because of the death of the Lord Jesus (v.11);

E.   Man has been released because of the death of the Lord Jesus (v.15);

F.    Man has been aided when he is tempted for the Lord Jesus had been tempted (v18.);

G.   Man shall enter into glory under the guidance of the Lord Jesus (v.10);

H.   Man shall sing praise to God with the Lord in the midst of the assembly (v.12);

 

The Redemption of Christ in the Past at Present and in the Future

A.   In the past:

1.    Humble himself ---- who was made a little lower than the angels (v.9).

2.    Be incarnated ---- He Himself shared in the same flesh and blood (v.14).

3.    In all things He had to be made like His brethren (v.17).

4.    He suffered because of temptations (v.18).

5.    He was made perfect through sufferings (v.10).

6.    He suffered death and tasted death for everyone (v.9).

7.    Through death He might destroy him who had the power of death that is the devil (v.14).

B.   At present:

1.    He is now crowned with glory and honor (v.9).

2.    He sanctifies those who believe Him through the death of the cross (v.11).

3.    He brings the life relationship between the Holy Father as well as the Holy Son and believers (v.11-13).

4.    He releases those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage (v.15).

5.    He is the High Priest in the heavens and puts away the sins of believers (v.16-17).

6.    He is able to aid those who are tempted (v.18).

C.   In the future:

1.    The coming world is put in subjection to Christ and believers (v.5).

2.    Believers shall be crowned with glory and honor (v.7a);

3.    Christ will be over all things and all things will be put in subjection under believers (v.7-8);

4.    Christ will bring many sons to glory (v.10);

5.    All believers shall sing praise to God in the heaven forever and ever (v.11-13);

6.    Christ will finally destroy the devil (v.14);

 

The Relationship of the Lord Jesus with Us

A.   He is for us ---- taste death for everyone” (v.9);

B.   He saves us ---- make the captain of their salvation (v.10b);

C.   He brings us ---- bringing many sons to glory (v.10b);

D.   He makes us… ---- He who sanctifies” (v.11a);

E.   He calls us ---- call them brethren (v.11b);

F.    He releases us ---- release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage” (v.15);

G.   He condescends to us ---- in all things He had to be made like His brethren” (v.17);

H.   He aids us ---- aid those who are tempted” (v.18);

 

The Sufferings of the Lord Jesus

A.   The suffering in his lifetime ---- be made perfect through sufferings (v.10);

B.   The suffering of temptation ---- He has suffered being tempted He is able to aid those who are tempted (v.18);

C.   The suffering of death ---- be crowned with glory and honor for the sake of the suffering of death (v.9);

 

Jesus Becomes the Captain of the Salvation in Order to Bring Many Sons to Glory.

A.   Through the Lord’s incarnation:

1.    Jesus who was made a little lower than the angels (v.9);

2.    Be made perfect through sufferings (v.10);

3.    He Himself likewise shared in the same flesh and blood (v.14);

4.    In all things He had to be made like His brethren (v.16).

5.    He suffered because of being tempted (v.18).

B.   Through the death of the Lord:

1.    He tasted death for everyone (v.9).

2.    He had destroyed him who had the power of death that is the devil (v.14).

3.    He had released those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage (v.15).

C.   Through the resurrection of the Lord:

1.    He has obtained glory and honor in resurrection (v.9).

2.    He is the captain in resurrection and leads many sons into glory (v.10).

3.    The risen life shows that he and believers are of one (v.11).

4.    In the risen life he and believers are jointed and become the heavenly assembly (v.12-13).

5.    He has become the merciful and faithful High Priest in resurrection and is able to aid those who are tempted (v.16-18).

 

The Effect of the Substituted Death of the Son of Man

A.   It is fitting of the death of Christ (v.10).

B.   The death of Christ sanctifies man (v.11a).

C.   The death of Christ makes men become the sons of God (v.11b-13).

D.   The death of Christ destroys him who had the power of death (v.14).

E.   The death of Christ releases those who fear death (v.15).

F.    The death of Christ makes Him the merciful and faithful High Priest (v.16-17).

G.   The death of Christ enables Him to aid those who are tempted (v.18).

 

The Reason Why the Lord Shared in the Same Flesh and Blood

A.   He Himself likewise shared in the same flesh and blood (v.14).

B.   In all things He had to be made like His brethren (us) (v.17).

C.   So that we shall be the same with Him in the future ---- “He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one” (v.11).

 

── Caleb HuangChristian Digest Bible Commentary Series

   Translated by Mary Zhou