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Revelation
Chapter Seventeen
I.
Content of the Chapter
The Great Harlot and A
Scarlet Beast
II. The angel
explained the mystery of the woman and of the beast that carries her (v.7-18)
A. the origin and ending of the beast
(v.7-8)
B. the mystery of the seven heads and
ten horns of the beast (v.9-13)
C. the Lamb will overcome the beast
(v.14)
D. the beast and the harlot will break
off relations finally (v.15-18)
II.
Verse by Verse commentary
Rev. 17:1 “Then one of the seven
angels who had the seven bowls came and talked with me
saying to me
‘Come
I will show you the judgment of the great harlot
who sits on many waters
”
YLT: “And there came one
of the seven messengers
who were having the seven vials
and he spake with me
saying to me
`Come
I will shew to thee the judgment of the great whore
who
is sitting upon the many waters
”
Meaning of Words: “sit”: sit down
ride; “harlot”: prostitute
strumpet.
Spiritual Meaning: “Come
I will show you the
judgment of the great harlot who sits on many waters” “many waters” symbolizes peoples
multitudes
nations
and tongues (See v.15). “Who sits on many waters” refers to placing
oneself above various people in the world and receiving the adoration from
various men and it has become the superstition. “The great harlot” symbolizes
the Roman Catholic Church because she committed the spiritual fornication and
mixed the holy things with abominations (See v.4; 2:20).
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) Our God is a jealous God and what He hates the
most is that we have idols besides Him (See Exod. 20:4-5). The Roman Catholic
Church has many idols of saints beyond the true God
and they worship the
idols. It is the spiritual fornication.
2) Though we believers do not worship the visible
idols
we may have many invisible idols in our hearts
for example
worshipping
the spiritual giants. It indeed commits the spiritual fornication. No matter
how spiritual the servants of God are
we should never exalt them above what is
written in the Bible (See 1Cor. 4:6).
Rev. 17:2 “with whom the kings of
the earth committed fornication
and the inhabitants of the earth were made
drunk with the wine of her fornication.’”
YLT: “with whom the kings
of the earth did commit whoredom; and made drunk from the wine of her whoredom
were those inhabiting the earth;'”
Meaning of Words: “commit
fornication”: practice idolatry
indulge unlawful lust; “made drunk”: get
drunk.
Spiritual Meaning: “with whom the kings of the earth committed
fornication” In the church
history
the Roman Catholic Church cooperated with kings and rulers of various
countries in the past dynasties closely and the Roman Catholicism tuned to be
the state religion of various countries. It is fornication in the sight of God.
“And
the inhabitants of the earth were made drunk with the wine of her fornication.’” “The inhabitants of the earth” refers to
the Catholics and the majority of them are almost superstitious and worldly.
“The wine of here fornication” refers to various heretical doctrines of the
Roman Catholic Church. Parts of them are spiritual
parts of them worldly;
parts of them are the faith of the New Testament
parts of them are the
ceremonies of the Old Testament. They deceive men easily and therefore they are
the wine of the fornication. “Were
made drunk with the wine of her fornication” indicates that the Roman Catholics are deceived
by these heretical doctrines.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) The so-called caesaropapism in the history is
the fornication
committed with the kings of the earth here. Believers should respect and be
subject to the higher powers without a doubt (See
2) Many Catholics have been deceived by their
doctrines to a degree that they hold that it is right to worship the Virgin
Mary and believe in many silly and superstitious things. It is the clear proof
that they have been made drunk with the wine of fornication.
Rev. 17:3 “So he carried me away in
the Spirit into the wilderness. And I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast
which was full of names of blasphemy
having seven heads and ten horns.”
YLT: “and he carried me
away to a wilderness in the Spirit
and I saw a woman sitting upon a
scarlet-coloured beast
full of names of evil-speaking
having seven heads and
ten horns
”
Meaning of Words: “carry away”: bring
send; “wilderness”: desert
desolate wilderness; “full”: be full.
Spiritual Meaning: “So he carried me away in the Spirit into the
wilderness.” “Wilderness” the
world is the spiritual wilderness
the desolate place without spiritual
provision. “Into the wilderness” with the purpose of letting him see the Roman
Catholic Church and it shows that the Catholic Church extremely lacked the
provision of the spiritual living water.
“And
I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast” “a woman” refers to the great harlot (See v.1)
i.e. the Roman Catholic Church. “A scarlet beast” refers to antichrist and the
political power on the earth utilized by him. “Sitting on a scarlet beast” on
one hand
the Roman Catholic Church utilized antichrist and the political power
on the earth
however
on the other
antichrist and the political power on the
earth also utilized the Roman Catholic Church actually.
“Which
was full of names of blasphemy
having seven heads and ten horns” “seven heads” refers to seven mountains
and seven kings (See v.9-10). “Ten horns” refers to ten kings (See v.12). “Names of blasphemy” refers to showing himself that he is God.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) The backsliding church lacks the provision of
the spiritual living water and is desolate everywhere. The place where the
truth is exalted will be blessed by God.
2) Concerning “caesaropapism”
it seems that the
church utilizes the political power on the earth
but actually the church is
utilized by the political power on the earth. The principle which we should
obey is
to Caesar the things that are Caesar's
and to God the things that are
God's (See Matt. 22:21). We should never identify the spiritual with the
worldly and identify the heavenly with the earthly.
3) He whoever exalts himself intentionally always
blasphemes God unconsciously. One thing that men of God should avoid the most
is “showing himself that he is God”.
Rev. 17:4 “The woman was arrayed in
purple and scarlet
and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls
having in her hand a golden cup full of abominations and the filthiness of her
fornication.”
YLT: “and the woman was
arrayed with purple and scarlet-colour
and gilded with gold
and precious
stone
and pearls
having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and
uncleanness of her whoredom
”
Meaning of Words: “adorned”: be
gilded; “abomination”: things related to idolatry; “filthiness”: uncleanness.
Spiritual Meaning: “The woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet” “the woman” refers to the great harlot
the Roman Catholic Church (See v.1). “Purple” refers to royalty (See John
19:2-3) and wealth (See Luke 16:19). The Roman Catholic Church once reigned for
a period of time and she will rise again. And she is all rich. “Scarlet” in the
Roman Catholic Church scarlet is regarded as the noblest and her cardinal of
the highest class is in scarlet.
“And
adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls” she shows off her rich on one hand (See 1Tim.
2:9)
and on the other
it indicates that she pretends to be spiritual because
these three treasures are the materials for building the New Jerusalem (See
21:18-21).
“Having
in her hand a golden cup full of abominations and the filthiness of her
fornication” “in her hand a
golden cup” indicates that the appearance is of God because gold symbolizes the
disposition of God. “Full
of abominations” indicates that her
inner reality is full of idolatry
heretical and the things of the devil. “The filthiness of her
fornication” indicates that the
Roman Catholic Church mixes up things of God and things of the devil
the
spiritual and the worldly
the heavenly and the earthly. It is the filthiness
of fornication in the sight of God.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) The backsliding church is solemn and noble
externally and she arouses the respect of men who do not know the inside
information. And therefore she has attracted many followers. Today many big
churches attract thousands upon thousands followers by the first-class
eloquence
buildings
ways and other appearances.
2) Religious believers are always hypocritical. The
outside of them is good
however
they are full of dirtiness and uncleanness
within them (See Matt. 23:25-28). The spiritual estimation and evaluation do
not depend on the outward but the inward (See Rom. 2:28-29).
YLT: “and upon her
forehead was a name written: `Secret
Meaning of Words: “write”: grave
describe; “mystery”: secret
mysterious; “
The
Background: “MYSTERY
BABYLON THE GREAT” “BABYLON THE GREAT” (See 14:8; 16:19) originated from
Spiritual Meaning: “And on her forehead a name was written:” it means that one can clearly see who she
is as long as his “mind” is bright.
“MYSTERY
BABYLON THE GREAT” it shows that she
does not refer to the real city of
“THE
MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND OF THE ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH” “harlots of the earth” refers to the
associations which were divided from the Roman Catholic Church but still
imitated her ceremonies
ways and doctrines such as the Anglican Church
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) The Roman Catholic Church and the associations
and sects of Christianity similar to her committed the spiritual fornication
obviously----they mixed the teachings of the Bible with men’s traditional
ideas. Men with the spiritual insight will know that they have departed from
the truth at a glance. However
the minds of their clergymen and churchmen are
blind and therefore they think that they worship God while they indeed have
offended Him.
2) The word “
YLT: “And I saw the woman
drunken from the blood of the saints
and from the blood of the witnesses of
Jesus
and I did wonder -- having seen her -- with great wonder;”
Meaning of Words: “marvel”: wonder.
Spiritual Meaning: “I saw the woman
drunk with the blood of the
saints and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus.” “Drunk with the blood” refers to agreeing or
promoting the behavior of homicide confusedly.
“The saints” refers to men who are separated by God
including the Jews. “The
martyrs of Jesus” refers to men who bear witness to Jesus Christ through their
life and even are martyred for the Lord (See 2:13)
“And
when I saw her
I marveled with great amazement” “marveled
with great amazement” because the woman
was of God and the
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) It is inconceivable that those who are
Christians nominally persecuted Christians and the Jews. However
actually it
is a common sight all through the ages that many Christians informed and
betrayed Christians.
2) From the sign in this chapter we can foresee
that antichrist will not come out of the unbelieving Gentiles in future but the
backsliding churches. Probably those who persecuted believers and the Jews
strongly are the European Union of the so-called “Christian countries”.
Rev. 17:7 “But the angel said to me
‘Why did you marvel? I will tell you the mystery of the
woman and of the beast that carries her
which has the seven heads and the ten
horns.”
YLT: “and the messenger
said to me
`Wherefore didst thou wonder? I -- I will tell thee the secret of
the woman and of the beast that [is] carrying her
which hath the seven heads
and the ten horns.”
Meaning of Words: “carry”: lift
bear
take up.
Literal Meaning: the first to sixth
verses in this chapter refer to the vision that John had seen and the seventh
to eighteenth verses refer to the angel’s explanation for the sign to John
that he can understand the mystery of the woman and the beast.
Rev. 17:8 “The beast that you saw was
and is not
and will ascend out of the bottomless pit and go to perdition. And
those who dwell on the earth will marvel
whose names are not written in the
Book of Life from the foundation of the world
when they see the beast that
was
and is not
and yet is.”
YLT: “`The beast that
thou didst see: it was
and it is not; and it is about to come up out of the
abyss
and to go away to destruction
and wonder shall those dwelling upon the
earth
whose names have not been written upon the scroll of the life from the
foundation of the world
beholding the beast that was
and is not
although it
is.”
Meaning of Words: “go to”: go forth
lead; “perdition”: destruction
ruin.
Spiritual Meaning: “The beast that you saw was
and is not” “the beast that you saw” refers to the
scarlet beast on which the woman sat (See v.3)
i.e. antichrist. “Was”
indicates that it had already existed before John wrote this book. “And is not”
indicates that it does not exist when John wrote this book.
“And
will ascend out of the bottomless pit and go to perdition.” “Ascending out of the bottomless pit”
indicates that the reason why it does not exist on the earth is that it was
locked in the bottomless pit
however
it will be released temporarily. And
therefore it shall ascend out of the bottomless pit. “And go to perdition”
indicates that antichrist’s ending is to be cast into the lake of fire and
perish (See 19:20; 20:10).
“And
those who dwell on the earth whose names are not written in the Book of Life
from the foundation of the world”
refers to unbelievers who are wiling to repent till death.
“Will
marvel…when they see the beast that
was
and is not
and yet is.” The reason why
they will marvel is that they saw the deadly wound was healed and then they
followed and worshipped it (See 13:3-4).
Many Bible exegetes had two interpretations of “the beast that was
and is
not
and yet is”:
1) The first interpretation is that the seven heads
of the beast are related to Caesars in the
2) The second explanation is that the seven heads
of the beast are the political power that ruled the world and opposed the true
God in the past and in future. When John wrote this book
Egypt
Assyria
Babylon
Media and Persia and Greece----the five great empire----in the history
had fallen and therefore it is “that was” and “five have fallen” (See v.10).
“One is” (See v.10) should refer to the
Concerning the two above-mentioned interpretations
the first one conforms to the principle of the Bible more and the reasons are
as follows: 1) the woman sat on the beast (See v.3). Since the great harlot
refers to the Roman Catholic Church which had nothing with Egypt
Assyria
Babylon
Media and Persia
Greece and other ancient empires. 2) The angle had explained
that the seven heads were “seven kings” (See v.10). 3) One of the seven heads
had been mortally wounded (See 13:3) and it is more reasonable to apply it to
“man” than to “country or the political power”. 4) Antichrist refers to one
person (See 13:18) and he himself is the eighth and is of the seventh (See
v.11). And therefore the seventh should refer to man of the same kind.
Rev. 17:9 “‘Here
is the mind which has wisdom: The seven heads are seven mountains on which the
woman sits.”
YLT: “`Here [is] the mind
that is having wisdom; the seven heads are seven mountains
upon which the
woman doth sit
”
Meaning of Words: “mind”:
intelligence
understanding.
Spiritual Meaning: “‘Here is the mind which has
wisdom:” it indicates that
God desires us to use our bright mind to think over the mystery of antichrist
that we can avoid being deceived by him.
“The
seven heads are seven mountains on which the woman sits” “seven heads” refers to seven kings (See v.10)
because the king is the head of the people. “Seven mountains” refers to the
capital where the king is. The Roman Caesar’s capital is the city of
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) God does not like us to be foolish or
superstitious. We should think over everything and understand what the will of
God is (See Eph. 5:17).
2) At the last day
Christians should use the mind
which has wisdom more
understand the fact through thinking over the origin of
antichrist and pray for the current situation more.
Rev. 17:10 “There are also seven
kings. Five have fallen
one is
and the other has not yet come. And when he
comes
he must continue a short time.”
YLT: “and there are seven
kings
the five did fall
and the one is
the other did not yet come
and when
he may come
it behoveth him to remain a little time;”
Meaning of Words: “fall”: fall down
bend over; “continue”: remain
exist.
Spiritual Meaning: “There are also seven kings. Five have fallen” when John wrote this book
five of them
had died and they were Julius
Tiberius
Caligula
Claudius and Nero the five
Caesars of the
“One
is
and the other has not yet come.”
“One is” refers to the sixth king. When John wrote this book
Domitian the
Roman Caesar was alive. He persecuted believers and by whom John the apostle
was exiled to the island called
“And
when he comes
he must continue a short time.” “Continue a short time” refers to continuing for
a temporary time until the second coming of Christ----the public coming.
Please note that some Bible exegetes held that the
Roman Caesars were not merely seven ones and there were twenty or thirty kings.
How can they use several of them as representatives? There is one case similar
to this condition. There were more than seven churches in
Other exegetes held that the Hebrew spelling of
Caesar Nero was abnormal and probably he is not the man the number of whose
name is 666 (See 13:18). Concerning this question
the so-called “number of
man” may have another meaning and please see the note in 13:18.
Rev. 17:11 “The beast that was
and
is not
is himself also the eighth
and is of the seven
and is going to
perdition.”
YLT: “and the beast that was
and is not
he also is eighth
and out of the seven he is
and to destruction
he doth go away.”
Spiritual Meaning: “The beast that was
and is not
is himself also
the eighth” “the beast” refers
to antichrist and he is also the eighth. One person is both the seventh and the
eighth
showing that it is related to the false resurrection. Satan copied the
Holy Trinity and he is also triune (See 13 the great fiery red dragon
the
beast rising up out of the sea
the beast coming up out of the earth). In addition
antichrist among them copied the true Christ’s death and resurrection----he
used the track of finding reincarnation in another's corpse to counterfeit the
resurrection in order to make the world marvel and attract them to follow him
(See 13:3).
“And
is of the seven
and is going to perdition.” “And is of the seven” means that: 1) both of them
are men
however
they showed themselves that they are God; 2) the ways are the
same that they all persecuted the saints; 3) the endings are the same that they
all go to perdition.
Rev. 17:12 “‘The
ten horns which you saw are ten kings who have received no kingdom as yet
but
they receive authority for one hour as kings with the beast.”
YLT: “`And the ten horns
that thou sawest
are ten kings
who a kingdom did not yet receive
but
authority as kings the same hour do receive with the beast
”
Meaning of Words: “receive”: obtain
take.
Spiritual Meaning: “‘The ten horns which you saw
are ten kings” “ten horns are ten
kings” just as the seven heads are seven kings
the ten horns are ten kings.
However
the seven kings appeared one by one and the ten kings appeared at the
same time. “Ten” symbolizes the perfection of this life in the Bible and
therefore it probably refers to all the heads of state that support antichrist.
“Who
have received no kingdom as yet
but they receive authority for one hour as
kings with the beast.” “Who have received
no kingdom as yet” indicates that they haven’t received the political power.
“One hour” refers to receiving the political power successively in a short
time. “They
receive authority with the beast” refers to rising with antichrist. “As
kings” indicates that probably they are men who had the real power----the
presidents
the prime ministers and so on.
Rev. 17:13 “These are of one mind
and they will give their power and authority to the beast.”
YLT: “these have one
mind
and their own power and authority to the beast they shall give over;”
Meaning of Words: “of one mind”:
having one mind
having one will.
Literal Meaning: it means that these
heads of state reached a common consensus after negotiation that they supported
the decision of antichrist unconditionally and listened to the dispatch and
domination of antichrist.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) Today all Christians stress on “oneness”
however
our intentions and actions are not as good as the cooperation of the
world. It is indeed shameful
especially the leaders of the church who are
hostile to each other and do not contract with each other as long as they have
a few differences in opinions and statements.
2) The one mind of Christians is not the mind or
will of some person
but the mind in Christ (See Phil. 2:5) and we are all
subject to His authority and listen to His instructions.
Rev. 17:14 “These will make war with
the Lamb
and the Lamb will overcome them
for He is Lord of lords and King of
kings; and those who are with Him are called
chosen
and faithful.’”
YLT: “these with the Lamb
shall make war
and the Lamb shall overcome them
because Lord of lords he is
and King of kings
and those with him are called
and choice
and stedfast.'”
Meaning of Words: “chosen”: elect;
“faithful”: believing
trustful.
Spiritual Meaning: “These will make war with the Lamb” “war” refers to the great war in Armageddon in the last day (See 14:19-20; 16:14
16; 19:11-21).
“And
the Lamb will overcome them
for He is Lord of lords and King of kings” “Lord of lords and King of kings” indicates that all the authority and power in the
whole universe are of Him.
“And
those who are with Him are called
chosen
and faithful.’” “Are called” refers to being called by
the Lord. “Chosen” refers to being chosen by the Lord. “Faithful” refers to
being faithful to the Lord’s calling and choice and joining the war.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) In the spiritual wars
the power of antichrist
and the world is always against the Lord Jesus Christ and believers. However
we will overcome not by might
nor by power
but by His spirit as long as we
are faithful to the Lord’s calling and choice (See Zech. 4:6).
2) The problem is that many are called
but few are
chosen (Matt. 22:14). And therefore we should enrich ourselves in the spiritual
aspect while it is today.
Rev. 17:15 “Then he said to me
"The waters which you saw
where the harlot sits
are peoples
multitudes
nations
and tongues.”
YLT: “And he saith to me
`The waters that thou didst see
where the whore doth sit
are peoples
and
multitudes
and nations
and tongues;'”
Meaning of Words: “people”: race;
“tongue”: dialect
language.
Spiritual Meaning: “Then he said to me
‘The
waters which you saw
where the harlot sits” “the harlot” refers to the Roman Catholic Church
(See the note in v.1). “The waters” refers to her believers and churchmen.
“Are
peoples
multitudes
nations
and tongues” “peoples” refers to many races. “Multitudes”
refers to the masses. “Nations” refers to many countries. “Tongues” refers to
many languages.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) Many people from different classes
origins
status follow the heretical evil sects blindly and fervently. It shows how
fierce the work of the devil is that it blinds the hearts of men to make them
lose the normal judgment.
2) Many believers misunderstand that it is right if
there are many people. They believe that the church where there are many people
must have the Lord’s blessing. Actually
many people may follow in a confused
manner and therefore it is not always right if there are many people.
Rev. 17:16 “And the ten horns which
you saw on the beast
these will hate the harlot
make her desolate and naked
eat her flesh and burn her with fire.”
YLT: “and the ten horns
that thou didst see upon the beast
these shall hate the whore
and shall make
her desolate and naked
and shall eat her flesh
and shall burn her in fire
”
Meaning of Words: “hate”: detest
abhor; “desolate”: lay waste
bring to desolation.
Spiritual Meaning: “And the ten horns which you saw on the beast
these will hate the harlot” “the ten horns on
the beast” refers to antichrist and rulers who support him. “Will hate the
harlot” it indicates that the cooperation between politics and religion has a
radical change suddenly and their partnership is quitted and they begin to
attack each other.
“Make
her desolate and naked
eat her flesh and burn her with fire.” The separation of religion from politics
deepens gradually: 1) “making her desolate” probably refers to depriving
Vatican of its autonomy; 2) “naked” refers to exposing the ugly face of the
Roman Catholic Church; 3) “eating her flesh” refers to plundering all the
wealth of the Roman Catholic Church; 4) “burning her with fire” refers to
rooting out the influence of the Roman Catholic Church completely.
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) Whoever is a friend of the evil shall be
swallowed up by the evil finally.
2)
Whoever wants to be a friend of the world
makes himself an enemy of God (See James. 4:4).
Rev. 17:17 “For God has put it into
their hearts to fulfill His purpose
to be of one mind
and to give their
kingdom to the beast
until the words of God are fulfilled.”
YLT: “for God did give
into their hearts to do its mind
and to make one mind
and to give their
kingdom to the beast till the sayings of God may be complete
”
Meaning of Words: “hearts”: intentions; “mind”: opinion; “fulfill”:
accomplish
complete.
Spiritual Meaning: “For God has put it into their hearts to fulfill
His purpose” “their” refers to
the ten kings represented by the ten horns (See v.12). “His purpose” indicates
that the destruction of the Roman Catholic Church is the will of God that.
“To
be of one mind
and to give their kingdom to the beast
until the words of God
are fulfilled.” “The words of God”
refers to God’s judgment to the Roman Catholic Church (See v.1; 2:22-23).
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) The king's heart is in the hand of the LORD
like the rivers of water; He turns it wherever He wishes (Prov. 21:1).
2) God can use the wrath of men to fulfill His will
(See Ps. 76:10). God can also use the
Rev. 17:18 “And the woman whom you
saw is that great city which reigns over the kings of the earth.’”
YLT: “and the woman that
thou didst see is the great city that is having reign over the kings of the
land.'”
Meaning of Words: “reigning”: having a
kingdom.
Spiritual Meaning: “And the woman whom you saw” “the woman” refers to the Roman Catholic
Church represented by the great harlot (See v.1-6).
“Is
that great city which reigns over the kings of the earth’” “great city” refers to
Enlightenment in the Word:
1) Believer should have spiritual surpassing
insight to discern things. We should not judge whether one thing is acceptable
to God merely by its appearance and reason but its inner reality and
source.
2) It is a good thing that one worships and serves
God fervently. However
the muddled fervency always turns that one kills men
will think that he does God service (See John. 16:2). It shows that the true
knowledge of God and His knowledge is the prerequisite for the spiritual
pursuit.
III.
Outlines of the Spiritual Lessons
The Knowledge of the Roman Catholic Church
II.
She was the great harlot (v.1
5)----worshipping others besides God
III.
She committed fornication with the kings of
the earth (v.2)----advocating “caesaropapism”
IV.
The inhabitants of the earth were made drunk
with the wine of her fornication (v.2)----churchmen were superstitious about
heretical doctrines and teachings
V.
She sat on a scarlet beast (v.3)----acting
in collusion with antichrist
VI.
Her dress and adornment (v.4)----were
extremely luxurious and wealthy
VII.
She had in her hand a golden cup full of
abominations (v.4)----the
appearance was of God
however
the reality was idolatry
VIII.
She was the mystery of
IX. She is the mother of harlots and of the
abominations of the earth
(v.5)----the source of all the heretical
evil sects of Christianity
X.
She drunk with the blood of the saints and
with the blood of the martyrs
(v.6)----persecuting the true saints and believers
XI.
She sat on the seven mountains (v.9)----
XII. She shall be consumed by antichrist finally
(v.16-17)----eating her own bitter fruits
──
Caleb Huang《Christian Digest Bible
Commentary Series》
Translated by Sharon Ren